Litaba

1. Ketso ea ho kolobisa (HLB e Hlokahalang: 7-9)

Ho kolobisa ho bolela ketsahalo eo khase e monyang holim'a metsi a tiileng e nkeloang sebaka ke mokelikeli. Lintho tse ntlafatsang bokhoni bona ba ho nkela sebaka li bitsoa li-agent tsa ho kolobisa. Ho kolobisa ka kakaretso ho arotsoe ka mefuta e meraro: ho kolobisa ka ho kopana (ho kolobisa ka ho khomarela), ho kolobisa ka ho qoelisa (ho kolobisa ka ho kenella), le ho kolobisa ka ho jala (ho jala).

Har'a tsena, ho hasana ke tekanyetso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea ho kolobisa, 'me coefficient ea ho hasana e sebelisoa hangata e le sesupo sa ts'ebetso ea ho kolobisa lipakeng tsa litsamaiso.

Ho phaella moo, sekhutlo sa ho kopana le sona ke tekanyetso ya ho lekola katleho ya ho kolobisa.

Tšebeliso ea li-surfactants e ka laola tekanyo ea ho kolobisa pakeng tsa metsi le lintho tse tiileng.

Indastering ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, li-granule le phofo tse ling tsa ho fafatsa li na le bongata bo itseng ba li-surfactant. Morero oa tsona ke ho ntlafatsa ho khomarela le ho beoa ha moemeli holim'a metsi a phekotsoeng, ho ntlafatsa sekhahla sa ho lokolloa le sebaka sa ho hasana ha metsoako e sebetsang tlas'a maemo a mongobo, le ho ntlafatsa litlamorao tsa thibelo le taolo ea mafu.

Indastering ea litlolo, e le emulsifier, ke karolo ea bohlokoa haholo lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea letlalo tse kang litlolo, litlolo tse hloekisang letlalo, li-cleanser le li-meat removers.

2. Liketso tsa ho ntsha le ho tlosa lefome

Li-surfactant le tsona li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea meriana. Mefuteng ea meriana, meriana e mengata e sa qhibiliheng hantle joalo ka oli e feto-fetohang, cellulose e qhibilihang mafura, le lihormone tsa steroidal li ka theha litharollo tse hlakileng le ho eketsa mahloriso ka ketso ea ho qhibiliha ha li-surfactant.

Nakong ea ho lokisoa ha meriana, li-surfactant lia hlokahala e le li-emulsifier, li-agent tse kolobisang, li-agent tse emisang, li-agent tse foufatsang le li-agent tse ntšang mafome. Foam e entsoe ka khase e koetsoeng ke filimi e tšesaane ea mokelikeli. Li-surfactant tse ling li ka etsa lifilimi tse matla a itseng ka metsi, li koahela moea ho etsa foam, e sebelisoang ho flotation ea liminerale, ho tima mollo oa foam le ho hloekisa. Li-agent tse joalo li bitsoa li-agent tse foufatsang.

Ka linako tse ling ho hlokahala di-defoamer. Ho hlwekiseng tsoekere le tlhahisong ea meriana ea setso ea Chaena, foam e ngata e ka ba bothata. Ho eketsa li-surfactants tse loketseng ho fokotsa matla a filimi, ho felisa lipululana, le ho thibela likotsi.

3. Ketso ea ho emisa (Ho tsitsisa ho emisa)

Indastering ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, phofo e kolobisitsoeng metsing, metsoako e ka emulsifiable, le emulsion e kolobisitsoeng kaofela li hloka bongata bo itseng ba li-surfactants. Kaha metsoako e mengata e sebetsang phofong e kolobisitsoeng metsing ke metsoako ea organic e sa rateng metsi, li-surfactants lia hlokahala ho fokotsa tsitsipano ea metsi holim'a metsi, ho nolofalletsa ho kolobisa likaroloana tsa lithethefatsi le ho thehoa ha li-suspension tsa metsi.

Li-surfactant li sebelisoa ho phaphamala ha diminerale ho fihlela botsitso ba ho emisoa. Ka ho hlohlelletsa le ho pulutsa moea ho tsoa tlase ho tanka, lipululana tse jereng phofo e sebetsang ea diminerale lia bokana holim'a metsi, moo li bokelloang le ho hloekisoa bakeng sa ho tsepamisa mohopolo, ho fihlela ntlafatso. Lehlabathe, seretse le majoe a se nang diminerale li sala tlase 'me li tlosoa nako le nako.

Ha 5% ea bokaholimo ba lehlabathe la diminerale bo koahetsoe ke moqokeleli, bo fetoha bo sa rateng metsi 'me bo khomarela lipululana, bo nyolohela holim'a metsi bakeng sa pokello. Moqokeleli ea loketseng o khethoa e le hore lihlopha tsa eona tse ratang ho khomarela metsi li khomarele feela bokaholimo ba lehlabathe la diminerale ha lihlopha tse sa rateng metsi li shebane le metsi.

4. Ho bolaea likokoana-hloko le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko

Indastering ea meriana, li-surfactants li ka sebelisoa e le li-bacteriacides le li-disinfectant. Litlamorao tsa tsona tsa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko li bakoa ke tšebelisano e matla le liprotheine tsa biofilm tsa baktheria, e leng se bakang ho senyeha kapa ho lahleheloa ke ts'ebetso.

Li-disinfectant tsena li na le ho qhibiliha ho hoholo metsing 'me li ka sebelisoa ka bongata bo fapaneng bakeng sa:

·Ho bolaea likokoana-hloko letlalong pele ho opereishene

·Ho bolaea likokoana-hloko maqebeng kapa lera la mucosa

·Ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka sesebelisoa

·Ho bolaea likokoana-hloko tikolohong

5. Ketso ea ho hloekisa le ho hloekisa

Ho tlosa matheba a mafura ke mokhoa o rarahaneng o amanang le ho kolobisa, ho ntsha lefome le liketso tse ling tse boletsoeng ka holimo.

Hangata di-detergent di na le dikarolo tse ngata tse thusang ho:

·Ntlafatsa ho kolobisa ntho e hloekisitsoeng

·Hlahisa foam

·Fana ka litlamorao tse khantšang

·Thibela ho lahla litšila hape

·Ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa li-surfactants e le karolo ea mantlha e sebetsa ka tsela e latelang:

Metsi a na le kgatello e phahameng ya bokahodimo le bokgoni bo fokolang ba ho kolobisa matheba a mafura, e leng se etsang hore ho be thata ho a tlosa. Kamora ho eketsa di-surfactants, dihlopha tsa tsona tse sa rateng metsi di shebana le bokahodimo ba lesela le ho monya mobu, butle-butle di tlosa ditshila. Lerōle le dula le leketlile ka metsing kapa le phaphamala hodima bokahodimo ka foam pele le tloswa, ha bokahodimo bo hlwekileng bo ntse bo kwahetswe ke dimolek'hule tsa di-surfactant.

Qetellong, ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore li-surfactants ha li sebetse ka mokhoa o le mong empa hangata ka phello e kopaneng ea lintlha tse ngata.

Mohlala, indastering ea pampiri, li ka sebetsa e le:

·Li-agent tsa ho pheha

·Lisebelisoa tsa ho tlosa enke ea pampiri

·Lisebelisoa tsa boholo

·Lisebelisoa tsa taolo ea litšitiso tsa resin

·Li-defoamer

·Linolofatsang

·Lintho tse thibelang ho fetoha ha mocheso

·Lithibela-maemo

·Lisebelisoa tsa ho nolofatsa

·Lintho tse tlosang mafura