Mokhoa oa ho hlakali-demulsifiers tsa olie ipapisitse le thuto ea "phase inversion-reverse deformation". Ka mor'a ho kenyelletsa demulsifier, ho fetoha ha mohato, ho hlahisa li-surfactants tse hlahisang mofuta o fapaneng oa emulsion ho o entsoeng ke emulsifier (reverse demulsifier). Li-demulsifiers tsena li sebelisana le li-emulsifiers tsa hydrophobic ho etsa li-complexes, ka hona li fokotsa thepa ea emulsifying. Mochine o mong ke ho phatloha ha filimi ka har'a sefahleho ka ho thulana. Ka tlas'a ho futhumala kapa ho ferekana, li-demulsifiers hangata li thulana le filimi ea sefahleho ea emulsion-e ka ba e ts'oarellang ho eona kapa ho tlosa limolek'hule tse ling tsa surfactant-e leng ho senyang filimi botsitso, e lebisang ho flocculation, coalescence, le qetellong ea ho senyeha.
Hangata li-emulsion tsa oli e tala li etsahala nakong ea tlhahiso ea oli le ho hloekisoa. Bongata ba oli e tala lefatšeng e hlahisoa ka mokhoa oa emulsified. Emulsion e na le bonyane maro a mabeli a sa tsitsang, moo le leng le qhalakantsoeng joalo ka marotholi a matle haholo (a ka bang 1 mm ka bophara) a fanyehiloeng ho e 'ngoe.
Ka tloaelo, e 'ngoe ea lino tse tahang ke metsi, 'me e 'ngoe ke oli. Oli e ka qhalakanngoa hantle ka metsing, ea etsa emulsion ea oli-in-metsi (O/W), moo metsi e leng mohato o tsoelang pele le oli ke mohato o qhalakaneng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba oli ke mohato o tsoelang pele 'me metsi a qhalakanngoa, e etsa emulsion ea metsi-ka-oli (W / O). Boholo ba li-emulsion tsa oli e sa tsoakoang ke tsa mofuta oa ho qetela.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lipatlisiso tse mabapi le mekhoa ea ho tlosa oli e tala li shebile lintlha tse qaqileng tsa ho kopana ha marotholi le phello ea li-demulsifiers ho rheology ea sefahleho. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la ho rarahana ha litšebelisano tsa demulsifier-emulsion, ho sa tsotellehe lipatlisiso tse pharaletseng, ho ntse ho se na khopolo e kopaneng ea mochine oa demulsification.
Mekhoa e mengata e amoheloang ka bophara e kenyelletsa:
1.Ho falla ha molek'hule: Limolek'hule tsa li-demulsifier li nkela li-emulsifiers sebakeng sa sebopeho, ho senya emulsion.
2.Deformation ea wrinkle: Liphuputso tsa microscopic li bonts'a li-emulsion tsa W / O li na le likarolo tse peli kapa tse ngata tsa metsi tse arohaneng ka mehele ea oli. Tlas'a ho futhumatsa, ho ferekana, le ts'ebetso ea demulsifier, mekhahlelo ena e hokahana, e bakang ho kopana ha marotholi.
Ho feta moo, liphuputso tsa malapeng mabapi le litsamaiso tsa emulsion tsa O/W li fana ka maikutlo a hore mochini o sebetsang hantle oa demulsifier o tlameha ho fihlela lintlha tse latelang: ts'ebetso e matla ea holim'a metsi, metsi a matle, bokhoni bo lekaneng ba ho phalla, le ts'ebetso e sebetsang ea coalescence.
Li-demulsifiers li ka hlophisoa ho latela mefuta ea li-surfactant:
•Li-demulsifiers tsa Anionic: Li kenyelletsa li-carboxylates, sulfonates, le polyoxyethylene fatty sulfate. Ha li sebetse hantle, li hloka litekanyo tse kholo, 'me li na le kutloelo-bohloko ho li-electrolyte.
•Cationic demulsifiers: Haholo matsoai a quaternary ammonium, a sebetsa bakeng sa oli e bobebe empa ha a lokele oli e boima kapa ea khale.
•Nonionic demulsifiers: Kenyelletsa li-block polyethers tse qaliloeng ke li-amine kapa joala, li-alkylphenol resin block polyethers, phenol-amine resin block polyethers, li-demulsifiers tse thehiloeng ho silicone, li-ultra-high molecular weight demulsifiers, polyphosphates, modified block polyethers, le zwitterionic demuls-based oli li-demulsifiers).
Nako ea poso: Aug-22-2025