Kushandiswa kwesurfactantsmukugadzirwa kwemafuta mumunda
1. Masurfactants anoshandiswa pakuchera mafuta anorema
Nekuda kweiyo viscosity yakakwira uye kushomeka kwemafuta anorema, zvinounza matambudziko mazhinji kumigodhi.Kuti ubvise mafuta anorema aya, dzimwe nguva zvinodikanwa kubaya mushonga wemvura we surfactant downhole kushandura mafuta anorema akakwira-viscosity kuita yakaderera-viscosity mafuta-mu-mvura emulsion uye kuibvisa kumusoro.Ma surfactants anoshandiswa muiyi heavy oil emulsification uye viscosity reduction method anosanganisira sodium alkyl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyene polyamine, polyoxyethylene Vinyl sulfonate mafuta emunyu, sodium alkyl ether ether. inogadzirwa inoda kupatsanura mvura uye kushandisa mamwe maindasitiri emagetsi se demulsifiers yekubvisa mvura.Aya ma demulsifiers emvura-mu-oiri emulsifiers.Inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye cationic surfactants kana naphthenic acids, asphaltonic acids uye multivalent metal salts.
Mafuta anorema akakosha haagone kucherwa neakajairwa kupomba mayunitsi uye anoda jekiseni rehutsi kuti udzore kupisa.Kuvandudza thermal recovery effect, ma surfactants anofanirwa kushandiswa.Kubaya furo mujekiseni rehutsi zvakanaka, kureva kuti, kubaya jekiseni rinopikisa furo repamusoro-soro uye gasi risingadzokerike, ndiyo imwe yenzira dzinowanzoshandiswa.
Anowanzo shandiswa kupupa zvinhu alkyl benzene sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, petroleum sulfonates, sulfohydrocarbylated polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers uye sulfohydrocarbylated polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, nezvimwewo. Nekuti fluorinated surfacts, acids surfactants, mhepo inopisa uye acids ine alkyl alcohol mafuta, iwo akanakira epamusoro-tembiricha anopupa.Kuti uite kuti mafuta akapararira apfuure nyore kuburikidza ne pore huro chimiro chekuumbwa, kana kuita kuti mafuta ari pamusoro pekuumbwa ave nyore kudzingwa kunze, zvakakosha kushandisa surfactant inonzi firimu diffusing agent.Iyo inowanzoshandiswa ndeye oxyalkylated phenolic resin polymer pamusoro pekuita.mumiririri.
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- Masurfactants ekuchera waxy crude oil
Kushandiswa kwewaxy crude oil kunoda kudzivirirwa wakisi nguva nenguva uye kubvisa wakisi.Masurfactants anoita sewax inhibitors uye zvinobvisa wakisi.Kune mafuta-soluble surfactants uye mvura-soluble surfactants anoshandiswa anti-wax.Yekutanga inoita basa rekupokana newakisi nekushandura maitiro ewax crystal surface.Anowanzo shandiswa oiri-soluble surfactants petroleum sulfonates uye amine surfactants.Mishonga inonyungudika nemvura inoita basa rekupokana newakisi nekushandura zvimiro zvenzvimbo dzakaumbwa namo (zvakadai sepombi dzemafuta, zvimiti zvekuyamwa uye nzvimbo dzemidziyo).Available surfactants zvinosanganisira sodium alkyl sulfonates, quaternary ammonium munyu, alkane polyoxyethylene ethers, anonhuwirira hydrocarbon polyoxyethylene ethers uye yavo sulfonate sodium munyu, etc. Surfactants kushandiswa wakisi kubviswa akakamurwawo kuita zvinhu zviviri.Oil-soluble surfactants anoshandiswa pamafuta-based wax anobvisa, uye mvura-soluble sulfonate type, quaternary ammonium salt type, polyether type, Tween type, OP type surfactants, Sulfate-based kana sulfo-alkylated flat-type uye OP-mhando.surfactants anoshandiswa mukuchenesa wakisi ine mvura.Mumakore achangopfuura, zvekubvisa wakisi mudzimba nekune dzimwe nyika zvakasanganiswa, uye zvinobvisa wakisi zvine mafuta uye zvinobvisa wakisi zvine mvura zvakasanganiswa kuti zvibudise zvinobvisa wakisi zvakasanganiswa.Ichi chinobvisa wakisi chinoshandisa mahydrocarboni anonhuwirira uye mahydrocarboni anonhuhwirira sechikamu chemafuta, uye chinoshandisa emulsifier ine wakisi yekubvisa sechikamu chemvura.Kana iyo emulsifier yakasarudzwa iri nonionic surfactant ine gore rakakodzera nzvimbo, tembiricha iri pasi pechikamu chewakisi chegomba remafuta inogona kusvika kana kudarika gore rayo, kuitira kuti iyo yakasanganiswa wax inobvisa inogona Iyo emulsification inoputswa isati yapinda muchikamu chekugadzira wax , uye maviri-e-wax-clearing agents anoparadzaniswa, ayo panguva imwe chete anoita basa rekuchenesa-wax.
3. Surfactantsinoshandiswa kudzikamisa ivhu
Ivhu rekudzikamisa rakakamurwa kuita zvinhu zviviri: kudzivirira kuwedzera kwemaminerari evhu uye kudzivirira kutama kwevhu remamineral particles.Cationic surfactants senge amine munyu mhando, quaternary ammonium munyu mhando, pyridinium munyu mhando, uye imidazoline munyu inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kuzvimba kwevhu.Fluorine-ine nonionic-cationic surfactants inowanika kudzivirira ivhu yemamineral particle migration.
4. Surfactantsinoshandiswa mumatanho e acidification
Kuti uvandudze iyo acidification mhedzisiro, zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuwedzera zvinowanzowedzerwa kune iyo acid mhinduro.Chero surfactant inowirirana ne acid solution uye inoshambadza zviri nyore nekuumbwa inogona kushandiswa se acidification retardant.Zvakadai semafuta amine hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium munyu, pyridine munyu mune cationic surfactants uye sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate ester munyu kana sulfate ester salted polyoxyethylene alkanes mu amphoteric surfactants base phenol ether, etc. Vamwe surfactants alfumine acid uye alkanes surfactants, akadai surfamine acid alkanes uye alkanes. , inogona emulsify acid mvura mumafuta kuti ibudise asidi-mu-oiri emulsion.Emulsion iyi inogona kushandiswa senge acidified maindasitiri mvura uye inoitawo basa rekudzoreredza.
Mamwe ma surfactants anogona kushandiswa se anti-emulsifiers kune acidifying zvinwiwa.Masurfactants ane branched structures akadai se polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether uye polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaethylene hexaamine inogona kushandiswa se acidifying anti-emulsifiers.
Mamwe ma surfactants anogona kushandiswa seasidhi-inoshomeka yemvura yekubatsira.Masurfactants anogona kushandiswa seyamuro yemvura anosanganisira amine salt type, quaternary ammonium salt type, pyridinium salt type, nonionic, amphoteric uye fluorine-containing surfactants.
Mamwe ma surfactants anogona kushandiswa se acidifying anti-sludge agents, senge oil-soluble surfactants, senge alkylphenols, fatty acids, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, quaternary ammonium salts, etc. Nemhaka yekuti ane acid yakashata solubility, nonionic surfactants inogona kushandiswa kuaparadzira. mune acid solution.
Kuti uvandudze acidification mhedzisiro, wetting reversal agent inoda kuwedzerwa kune acid solution kudzosera kunyorova kwenzvimbo yepedyo-tsime kubva ku lipophilic kuenda kuhydrophilic.Misanganiswa ye polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ethers uye phosphate-salted polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ethers inoshongedzwa nekuumbwa kuumba yechitatu adsorption layer, iyo inobata basa mukunyorova uye kudzosera kumashure.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune mamwe ma surfactants, akadai semafuta amine hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium munyu kana nonionic-anionic surfactant, ayo anoshandiswa seanopupa kugadzira furo acid inoshanda fluid kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudzikisa ngura nekudzika acidification, kana Mafuro anogadzirwa. kubva pane izvi uye inoshandiswa se pre-fluid ye acidification.Mushure mekunge vaiswa jekiseni mukuumbwa, iyo acid solution inobayiwa.Iyo Jamin mhedzisiro inogadzirwa nemabhuru ari mufuro inogona kutsausa iyo asidhi mvura, ichimanikidza iyo asidhi mvura kuti inyungurudze yakaderera permeability layer, nekudaro ichivandudza acidification mhedzisiro.
5. Masurfactants anoshandiswa mumatanho ekutsemuka
Matanho ekutyora anowanzo shandiswa muminda yakaderera-permeability oiri.Ivo vanoshandisa kumanikidza kuvhura iyo dhizaini kuti iite mafractures, uye shandisa proppant kutsigira mafractures kuderedza kuyerera kwemvura kuramba uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuwedzera kugadzirwa uye kutarisisa.Mamwe mafracturing fluid anogadzirwa nema surfactants seimwe yezvigadzirwa.
Oiri-mu-mvura inoputika zvinwiwa zvinogadzirwa nemvura, mafuta uye emulsifiers.Emulsifiers anoshandiswa ionic, nonionic uye amphoteric surfactants.Kana mvura yakakora ichishandiswa sechikamu chekunze uye mafuta anoshandiswa sechikamu chemukati, mafuta akakora-mu-mvura fracturing fluid (polymer emulsion) inogona kugadzirirwa.Mvura inotsemuka iyi inogona kushandiswa patembiricha iri pasi pe160°C uye inogona kungotyora maemulsion nekudonhedza zvinwiwa.
Foam fracturing fluid imvura inoputika inoshandisa mvura senzira yekuparadzira uye gasi sechikamu chakaparadzirwa.Zvikamu zvaro zvikuru imvura, gasi uye furo agent.Alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfate ester salts, quaternary ammonium salts uye maOP surfactants ese anogona kushandiswa seanopupa furo.Iko kusungirirwa kweanopupira mumiriri mumvura kunowanzo 0.5-2%, uye chiyero chegasi chikamu vhoriyamu kune furo vhoriyamu iri pakati pe0.5-0.9.
Oil-based fracturing fluid is fracturing fluid yakagadzirwa nemafuta sezvinonyungudutsa kana dispersion medium.Mafuta anonyanya kushandiswa panzvimbo imafuta asina kuchena kana chikamu chayo chinorema.Kuti uvandudze viscosity yayo uye tembiricha zvinhu, mafuta-soluble petroleum sulfonate (molecular uremu 300-750) inoda kuwedzerwa.Mafuta-based fracturing fluids anosanganisirawo mvura-mu-oiri fracturing zvinwiwa uye mafuta furo fracturing zvinwiwa.Iwo emulsifiers aishandiswa mune yekare mafuta-anonyungudika anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants uye nonionic surfactants, nepo furo stabilizers anoshandiswa mune yekupedzisira ari fluorine-ine polymer surfactants.
Mvura-inonzwa kuumbwa fracturing fluid inoshandisa musanganiswa wedoro (senge ethylene glycol) nemafuta (separafini) senzira yekuparadzira, liquid carbon dioxide sechikamu chakaparadzirwa, uye sulfate-salted polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ether se emulsifier.Kana kuti emulsion kana furo rakagadzirwa neanoita furo kutyora maumbirwo anonzwa mvura.
Mushonga wekutsemuka unoshandiswa pakutsemuka uye kuita acidification zvese imvura inotsemuka uye ine acidifying fluid.Inoshandiswa mukugadzira carbonate, uye zviyero zviviri zvinoitwa panguva imwe chete.Inoenderana nema surfactants iacid furo uye acid emulsion.Yekutanga inoshandisa alkyl sulfonate kana alkyl benzene sulfonate seanopupa furo, uye yekupedzisira inoshandisa sulfonate surfactant semulsifier.Sezvinoita zvinwiwa zvine acidifying, zvinwiwa zvinoputika zvinoshandisawo ma surfactants se anti-emulsifiers, drainage aids uye wetting reversal agents, izvo zvisingazokurukurwa pano.
6. Shandisa ma surfactants ekudzora chimiro uye matanho ekudzivirira mvura
Kuti uvandudze kusimudzira jekiseni remvura uye kudzvanyirira kukwira kwemvura isina mafuta, zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa chimiro chekunyudza mvura pamatsime ejekiseni remvura uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa nekuvhara mvura pamatsime ekugadzira.Mamwe emhando yekudzora uye nzira dzekuvhara mvura dzinowanzo shandisa mamwe ma surfactants.
HPC/SDS gel profile control agent inoumbwa nehydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) uye sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) mumvura yakachena.
Sodium alkyl sulfonate uye alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride zvinonyungudutswa mumvura kuti zvigadzirire zvinwiwa zviviri zvinoshanda, izvo zvinobayiwa mukugadzirwa imwe mushure meimwe.Izvo zvinwiwa zviviri zvinoshanda zvinodyidzana mune imwe neimwe mukugadzira kugadzira alkyl trimethylamine.Iyo sulfite inonamira uye inovhara iyo yakakwirira permeability layer.
Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, alkyl aryl sulfonates, etc. inogona kushandiswa seanopupuma, yakanyungudutswa mumvura kugadzira mvura inoshanda, yobva yaiswa jekiseni mukuumbwa pamwe chete nemvura yecarbon dioxide inoshanda fluid, ichangoburwa (kunyanya yakakwira The permeable). layer) inoumba furo, inogadzira blockage, uye inoita basa mukutonga kweprofile.
Uchishandisa quaternary ammonium surfactant sechinhu chinopupuma chakanyungudutswa mune silicic acid sol inoumbwa neammonium sulfate uye girazi remvura uye jekiseni mukugadzirwa, uyezve jekiseni risinga-condensable gasi (gasi rechisikigo kana chlorine), fomu remvura rinogona kugadzirwa. mukuumbwa kutanga.Furo riri mudispersion interlayer, richiteverwa negelation ye silicic acid sol, rinoburitsa furo rakasimba sesvikiro rekuparadzira, rinoita basa rekuvhara iyo yepamusoro permeability layer uye kutonga chimiro.
Kushandisa sulfonate surfactants seanoita furo uye mapolymer compounds seanokora furo stabilizers, uyezve jekiseni gasi kana gasi-chinogadzira zvinhu, furo remvura rinogadzirwa pasi kana mukuumbwa.Furo iri rinoshanda pamusoro pemafuta.Iyo yakawanda yeajenti inotamira kune-oiri-mvura interface, inokonzera kuparadzwa kwefuro, saka haivharidzi mafuta.Iyo inosarudza uye yemafuta tsime rekuvhara mvura.
Oil-based sement water-blocking agent ndeye kuturika simende mumafuta.Pamusoro pe simenti ndeye hydrophilic.Painopinda muchikamu chinobudisa mvura, mvura inobvisa kupindirana pakati petsime reoiri nesamende pamusoro pesimende, zvichiita kuti simiti iome uye ichivharira chidimbu chinobudisa mvura.Kuti uvandudze fluidity yeiyi plugging agent, carboxylate uye sulfonate surfactants inowanzowedzerwa.
Mvura-based micellar liquid-soluble water-blocking agent is a micellar solution inonyanya kuumbwa ne petroleum ammonium sulfonate, hydrocarbons uye doro.Iyo ine yakakwira mvura yemunyu mukuumbwa uye inova viscous kuti iwane mvura-yekuvhara maitiro..
Mvura-based kana mafuta-based cationic surfactant solution mvura-blocking agent inobva paalkyl carboxylate uye alkyl ammonium chloride salt active agents uye inokodzera chete maumbirwo ematombo ejecha.
Active heavy oil-blocking agent imhando yemafuta anorema akanyungudutswa nemvura-mu-oiri emulsifier.Iyo inoburitsa yakanyanya viscous mvura-mu-oiri emulsion mushure mekuumbwa kunobviswa mvura kuti iwane chinangwa chekuvhara mvura.
Oiri-mu-mvura-inovharira mumiriri inogadzirwa nekuisa emulsifying mafuta anorema mumvura uchishandisa cationic surfactant semafuta-mu-mvura emulsifier.
7. Shandisa ma surfactants ekugadzirisa jecha matanho
Pamberi pekuita kwejecha rekutonga, imwe huwandu hwemvura yakagadziriswa inogadzirwa nevesurfactants inoda kubaiwa senge pre-fluid kufanochenesa kuumbwa kuti ivandudze jecha rekudzora maitiro.Parizvino, ma surfactants anonyanya kushandiswa ndeye anionic surfactants.
8. Surfactant for crude oil dehydration
Mumatanho ekutanga uye echipiri ekudzoreredza oiri, mvura-mu-oiri demulsifiers inowanzoshandiswa kune yakabviswa mafuta asina kuchena.Zvizvarwa zvitatu zvezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa.Chizvarwa chekutanga chinonzi carboxylate, sulfate uye sulfonate.Chizvarwa chechipiri ndechepasi-molecular nonionic surfactants seOP, Pingpingjia uye sulfonated castor oil.Chizvarwa chechitatu chinonzi polymer nonionic surfactant.
Mumatanho ekupedzisira ekudzoreredza mafuta echipiri uye kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta epamusoro, mafuta asina kuchena anogadzirwa anowanikwa muchimiro chemafuta-mu-mvura emulsion.Kune mhando ina dzemademulsifiers anoshandiswa, akadai se tetradecyltrimethyloxyammonium chloride uye didecyldimethylammonium chloride.Vanogona kuita neanionic emulsifiers kushandura hydrophilic mafuta ekuenzanisa kukosha, kana Adsorbed pamusoro pemvura-yakanyorova ivhu revhu, kushandura kunyorova kwavo uye kuparadza emulsions yemafuta-mumvura.Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe anionic surfactants uye oiri-soluble nonionic surfactants anogona kushandiswa semvura-mu-oiri emulsifiers anogona zvakare kushandiswa se demulsifiers yemafuta-mu-mvura emulsions.
- Surfactants yekuchenesa mvura
Mushure mekunge mafuta ekugadzira tsime remafuta apatsanurwa kubva kumafuta asina kuchena, mvura inogadzirwa inoda kurapwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa reinjection.Pane zvinangwa zvitanhatu zvekuchenesa mvura, zvinoti corrosion inhibition, scale prevention, sterilization, kubvisa oxygen, kubvisa oiri uye kubviswa kwakasimba kwakamiswa.Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kushandisa corrosion inhibitors, anti-scaling agents, bactericides, oxygen scavengers, degreasers uye flocculants, etc. Izvi zvinotevera zvinosanganisira maindasitiri surfactants:
Industrial surfactants inoshandiswa se corrosion inhibitors inosanganisira munyu wealkyl sulfonic acid, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid, linear alkyl amine munyu, quaternary ammonium munyu, uye alkyl pyridine munyu., munyu weimidazoline nezvinobva pairi, polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers, polyoxyethylene dialkyl propargyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene rosin amine, polyoxyethylene stearylamine uye polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers Alkyl sulfanary sulfonary, dimmopolyenium munyu zvakasiyana-siyana derivatives.
Masurfactants anoshandiswa senge antifouling agents anosanganisira phosphate ester munyu, sulfate ester munyu, acetates, carboxylates uye yavo polyoxyethylene makomisheni.Iko kugadzikana kwekupisa kwe sulfonate ester munyu uye carboxylate munyu kuri nani kupfuura iyo yephosphate ester munyu uye sulfate ester munyu.
Industrial surfactants inoshandiswa mu fungicides inosanganisira linear alkylamine munyu, quaternary ammonium munyu, alkylpyridinium munyu, munyu we imidazoline uye zvinobva pairi, akasiyana quaternary ammonium munyu, di(polyoxy) Vinyl) alkyl uye munyu wemukati wezvakabuda.
Industrial surfactants anoshandiswa mu degreasers anonyanya surfactants ane branched zvimiro uye sodium dithiocarboxylate mapoka.
10. Surfactant nokuda kwemakemikari mafuta mafashamo
Chekutanga uye chechipiri kudzoreredza oiri kunogona kudzoreredza 25% -50% yemafuta epasi pevhu, asi kuchine mafuta mazhinji asina kuchena anoramba ari pasi pevhu uye asingagone kudzoserwa.Kuita tertiary oiri kudzoreredza kunogona kuvandudza mafuta asina kuchena kudzoreredza.Kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta epamusoro kunowanzo shandisa nzira yemafashamo emakemikari, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera mamwe makemikari kumvura yajekiseni kuvandudza mafashama emvura.Pakati pemakemikari anoshandiswa, mamwe maindasitiri ekugadzira zvinhu.Sumo pfupi kwavari ndeiyi inotevera:
Iyo kemikari mafuta mafashama nzira uchishandisa surfactant sezvo main agent inonzi surfactant flooding.Masurfactants anonyanya kuita basa mukuvandudza kudzoreredzwa kweoiri nekudzikisa kushushikana kwemafuta-mvura uye kuwedzera huwandu hwema capillaries.Sezvo pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwematombo ejecha kune mhosva yakaipa, ma surfactants anoshandiswa anonyanya kushandiswa anionic surfactants, uye mazhinji acho ari sulfonate surfactants.Inogadzirwa nekushandisa sulfonating agent (yakadai sesulfur trioxide) kuti sulfonate petroleum zvikamu zvine yakakwirira inonhuhwirira hydrocarbon content, uye ipapo neutralizing navo ane alkali.Zvinyorwa zvayo: 50% -80% inoshanda, mineral oil 5% -30%, mvura 2% -20%, sodium sulfate 1% -6%.Petroleum sulfonate haidziviriri kune tembiricha, munyu, kana maion esimbi ane mutengo mukuru.Synthetic sulfonates inogadzirwa kubva kumahydrocarbon anoenderana vachishandisa nzira dzinoenderana dzekugadzira.Pakati pavo, α-olefin sulfonate inonyanya kupikisa munyu uye high-valent metal ions.Mamwe anionic-nonionic surfactants uye carboxylate surfactants anogona zvakare kushandiswa kufambisa oiri.Surfactant oil displacement inoda marudzi maviri ezvekuwedzera: imwe i-co-surfactant, yakadai se isobutanol, diethylene glycol butyl ether, urea, sulfolane, alkenylene benzene sulfonate, nezvimwewo, uye imwe yacho dielectric, kusanganisira asidhi nealkali munyu, kunyanya munyu, iyo inogona kuderedza hydrophilicity ye surfactant uye kuwedzera lipophilicity, uye zvakare kushandura iyo hydrophilic-lipophilic chiyero kukosha kweiyo inoshanda mumiriri.Kuti uderedze kurasikirwa kweiyo surfactant uye kunatsiridza hupfumi, surfactant mafashama anoshandisawo makemikari anonzi zvibayiro.Zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa sezvibairo zvinosanganisira alkaline zvinhu uye polycarboxylic acids nemunyu wavo.Oligomers uye mapolymers anogona zvakare kushandiswa sezvibairo vamiririri.Lignosulfonates uye kugadziridzwa kwavo vamiririri vezvibayiro.
Iyo nzira yekubvisa oiri uchishandisa maviri kana anopfuura emakemikari oiri ekuchinjisa maajenti makuru anonzi composite mafashama.Iyi nzira yekubvisa mafuta ine chekuita ne surfactants inosanganisira: surfactant uye polymer thickened surfactant mafashamo;Alkali-enhanced surfactant mafashamo ane alkali + surfactant kana surfactant-enhanced alkali mafashamo;element-based composite mafashamo ane alkali + surfactant + polymer.Mafashama eComposite anowanzo ane yakakwirira kudzoreredza zvinhu pane imwe dhiraivha.Zvinoenderana nekuongorora kwazvino kwemaitiro ebudiriro kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, ternary compound mafashama ane mabhenefiti epamusoro pane mabinary compound mafashama.Iwo ma surfactants anoshandiswa mu ternary composite mafashamo akanyanya petroleum sulfonates, anowanzo shandiswa zvakare musanganiswa ne sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid uye carboxylates ye polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers, uye polyoxyethylene alkyl doro alkyl sulfonate sodium munyu.etc. kuvandudza kushivirira kwayo munyu.Munguva ichangopfuura, kumba nekune dzimwe nyika vakaisa kukosha kukuru pakutsvakurudza nekushandiswa kwebiosurfactants, zvakadai serhamnolipid, sophorolipid fermentation broth, nezvimwewo, pamwe chete nemasikirwo akasanganiswa ecarboxylates uye papermaking by-product alkali lignin, nezvimwewo, uye vakabudirira. mhedzisiro yakanaka mumunda uye yemukati bvunzo.Mafuta akanaka ekubvisa maitiro.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-26-2023