Fa'aaogāga fa'asurfactants i le gaosiga o le suau'u

Fa'aaogaina osurfactantsi le gaosiga o le suauu

1. Surfactants fa'aaogaina mo le la'uina o suau'u mamafa

Ona o le maualuga o le viscosity ma le le lelei o le suavai o le suauu mamafa, e aumaia ai le tele o faigata i le mining.Ina ia maua mai nei suauu mamafa, o nisi taimi e tatau ai ona tui se vaifofo vai o le surfactant downhole e faaliliu ai le suauʻu mamafa maualuga-viscosity i se suauʻu-i-vai emulsion maualalo-viscosity ma aveese i luga.O mea fa'aoga o lo'o fa'aaogaina i lenei suau'u mamafa emulsification ma viscosity fa'aitiitia metotia e aofia ai le sodium alkyl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyene polyamine, polyoxyethylene Vinyl alkyl alcohol ether sulfate eter, etc. e mana'omia ona tu'u'ese'ese le vai ma fa'aaogā nisi fa'agāluega fa'apisinisi e fa'amama ai le fa'amama.O nei mea fa'amalo o vai-i-suau'u emulsifiers.E masani ona fa'aaogaina o mea fa'asao cationic po'o acids naphthenic, acids asphaltonic ma a latou masima u'amea fa'atele.

O le suauu mamafa fa'apitoa e le mafai ona fa'aaogaina e vaega pamu masani ma e mana'omia le tui ausa mo le toe fa'aleleia o le vevela.Ina ia faʻaleleia le aʻafiaga o le toe faʻaleleia o le vevela, e manaʻomia le faʻaogaina o mea faʻafefe.O le tuiina o le foam i totonu o le lelei o le tui ausa, o lona uiga, o le tuiina o le mea e faʻafefe ai le vevela maualuga ma le kasa e le mafai ona faʻafefe, o se tasi lea o metotia faʻaogaina masani.

E masani ona faʻaaogaina faʻafefe o le alkyl benzene sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, petroleum sulfonates, sulfohydrocarbylated polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers ma sulfohydrocarbylated polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, ma isi. suau'u, o latou o mea lelei maualuga-veveafu sui sooupu.Ina ia mafai ona faʻafefeteina le suauʻu faʻafefeteina faigofie ona pasia le fausaga o le faʻaʻaʻai pore o le faʻavae, poʻo le faʻafaigofie ona tuliesea le suauu i luga o le faʻavae, e manaʻomia le faʻaaogaina o se mea faʻafefeteina e taʻua o se mea faʻasalalau ata.O le mea e masani ona faʻaaogaina o le oxyalkylated phenolic resin polymer surface activity.sooupu.

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1. Surfactants mo le la'uina o le suauu mama

O le fa'aogaina o le suau'u fa'asala e mana'omia le puipuia soo ma le aveeseina o le ga'o.Surfactants galue e pei o le ga'o fa'atosina ma ga'o aveese.O lo'o i ai su'u-soluble surfactants ma vai-soluble surfactants fa'aogaina mo le anti-wax.O le mea muamua e faia se matafaioi anti-wax e ala i le suia o meatotino o le faʻamaʻi tioata.O suau'u-soluble surfactants e masani ona fa'aaogaina o suau'u sulfonates ma amine surfactants.O solu vai-soluble o lo'o faia le sao e tetee i le ga'o e ala i le suia o meatotino o luga ole ga'o (e pei o paipa suauu, la'au sucker ma mea faigaluega).Surfactants avanoa e aofia ai le sodium alkyl sulfonates, quaternary ammonium salts, alkane polyoxyethylene ethers, aromatic hydrocarbon polyoxyethylene ethers ma latou sulfonate sodium salts, ma isi. Surfactants faʻaaogaina mo le aveeseina o le solo e vaevaeina foi i ni vaega se lua.O suau'u-soluble surfactants o loʻo faʻaaogaina mo le suauʻu e faʻaaogaina le gaʻo, ma le vai-soluble sulfonate type, quaternary ammonium salt type, polyether type, Tween type, OP type surfactants, Sulfate-based or sulfo-alkylated flat-type ma OP-typesurfactants o lo'o fa'aogaina i vai-fa'avae solo solo.I tausaga talu ai nei, o lo'o tu'ufa'atasia fa'a-le'aiga ga'o i totonu o le atunu'u ma fafo, ma o lo'o tu'ufa'atasia le ga'o e fa'avae i le suau'u ma le vai-fa'amama vai na tu'ufa'atasia e maua ai le ga'o fe'avea'i.E fa'aaoga e le fa'amama le ga'o e fa'aogaina ai le ga'o manogi ma fa'afefiloi mea manogi e fai ma vaega o le suāu'u, ma fa'aaogaina se emulsifier fa'atasi ai ma le fa'amama solo o le vai.A o le emulsifier filifilia o se surfactant nonionic ma se tulaga ao talafeagai, o le vevela i lalo o le vaega suauʻu o le vaieli e mafai ona oʻo atu pe sili atu i lona tulaga ao, ina ia mafai ai e le faʻafefiloi faʻafefete faʻafefiloi Ua malepe le emulsification aʻo leʻi ulu atu i le vaega o le gaʻo. , ma e lua fa'amama fa'amama ua tu'u 'ese'ese, lea i le taimi e tasi e ta'alo ai le sao o le fa'amama.

3. Surfactantsfa'aaoga e fa'amautu ai le omea

Faʻamautu omea e vaevaeina i ni vaega se lua: puipuia o le faʻalauteleina o minerale omea ma le puipuia o le femalagaiga o vaega o minerale omea.Cationic surfactants e pei ole amine salt type, quaternary ammonium salt type, pyridinium salt type, ma le imidazoline salt e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e puipuia ai le fula o le omea.O lo'o avanoa mea fa'afefete e le ninionic-cationic o lo'o i ai le fluorine e puipuia ai le femalaga'iga o vaega o minerale omea.

4. Surfactantsfa'aaogaina i faiga fa'ama'i

Ina ia faʻaleleia le aʻafiaga o le acidification, e masani ona faʻapipiʻi mea faʻaopoopo i le vaifofo acid.So'o se mea fa'afefete e fetaui ma le vaifofo oona ma e faigofie ona fa'afefeteina e le fa'avae e mafai ona fa'aogaina e fai ma fa'ama'i.E pei o le ga'o amine hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium masima, pyridine masima i cationic surfactants ma sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate ester masima po o le sulfate ester masima polyoxyethylene alkanes i amphoteric surfactants faavae phenol eter, ma isi. , e mafai ona emulsify acid vai i le suauu e maua ai se emulsion acid-i-suauu.O lenei emulsion e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e avea o se vai faʻapisinisi acidified ma e taʻalo ai foʻi se sao faʻalavelave.

E mafai ona fa'aogaina nisi fa'ama'i fa'afefete mo le fa'asa'oina o vai.E mafai ona fa'aogaina mea fa'aola e iai fa'amala e pei o le polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether ma le polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaethylene hexaamine e avea ma mea e fa'asa'o ai le fa'amalama.

E mafai ona fa'aogaina nisi sufactants e fai ma fesoasoani alavai e leai se acid.Surfactants e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma fesoasoani alavai e aofia ai ituaiga masima amine, ituaiga masima ammonium quaternary, ituaiga masima pyridinium, nonionic, amphoteric ma fluorine-containing surfactants.

E mafai ona fa'aaogaina nisi mea fa'afefete e fai ma vaila'au fa'ama'i fa'ama'i, e pei o suau'u-soluble surfactants, e pei o alkylphenols, ga'o ga'o, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, quaternary ammonium salts, ma isi. i le vaifofo acid.

Ina ia faʻaleleia le aʻafiaga o le acidification, e manaʻomia le faʻaopopoina o se vailaʻau faʻafefe susū i le vaifofo oona e fesuiaʻi ai le susu o le sone latalata-wellbore mai le lipophilic i le hydrophilic.Faʻafefiloi o le polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ethers ma le phosphate-salted polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ethers o loʻo faʻapipiʻiina e le faʻavae e fausia ai le lona tolu o le adsorption layer, lea e faia se sao i le susu ma le fesuiaʻi.

E le gata i lea, o loʻo i ai nisi faʻamaʻi, e pei o le gaʻo amine hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium masima poʻo le nonionic-anionic surfactant, lea e faʻaaogaina e pei o ni mea faʻafefete e fai ai le sua galue o le foam e ausia ai le faʻamoemoe o le faʻagesegese o le pala ma le loloto o le acidification, poʻo Foams ua faia. mai lea mea ma fa'aaogaina e fai ma vai muamua mo le fa'asa'o.A maeʻa ona tui i totonu o le faʻavae, e tui le vaifofo o le acid.O le aafiaga o Jamin e maua mai i pulupulu i totonu o le foam e mafai ona faʻafefe ai le vai acid, faʻamalosia le vai acid e faʻamaʻapeʻapeina ai le maualalo o le paʻu, ma faʻaleleia ai le aafiaga o le acidification.

5. Surfactants fa'aaogaina i fua gau

E masani ona fa'aogaina faiga gau i totonu o fanua suau'u maualalo.Latou te faʻaogaina le mamafa e tatala ai le faʻavae e fai ai gau, ma faʻaoga proppant e lagolago ai gau e faʻaitiitia ai le tafe o le vai ma ausia le faʻamoemoe o le faʻateleina o le gaosiga ma le gauai.O nisi o vai gau e fa'apipi'iina i surfactants e avea o se tasi o vaega.

Suau'u-i-vai gau gau e fausia i vai, suauu ma emulsifiers.Emulsifiers o loʻo faʻaaogaina o le ionic, nonionic ma amphoteric surfactants.Afai e fa'aogaina le vai mafiafia e fai ma vaega i fafo ma fa'aaogaina le suau'u e fai ma vaega i totonu, e mafai ona saunia se suau'u mafiafia i totonu o le vai (polymer emulsion).O lenei vai gau e mafai ona faʻaaogaina i le vevela i lalo ole 160°C ma e mafai ona otometi ona talepe emulsions ma faʻafefe vai.

O le sua gau o le foam o se sua gau lea e fa'aogaina ai le vai e fai ma ala ta'ape ma kesi e fai ma vaega ta'ape.O ona vaega autu o vai, kesi ma mea fa'afu.Alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfate ester salts, quaternary ammonium salts ma OP surfactants e mafai ona fa'aaogaina uma e fai ma mea fa'afu.O le faʻatonuga o le foaming agent i le vai e masani lava 0.5-2%, ma o le fua faatatau o le voluma vaega kesi i le voluma foam o loʻo i le va o le 0.5-0.9.

O le suau'u gau fa'avae ose sua gau ua fa'asusuina i le suau'u e fai ma so'o pe ta'ape.O le suau'u e masani ona fa'aaogaina i luga ole laiga ole suau'u mama po'o lona vaega mamafa.Ina ia faʻaleleia atili lona viscosity ma le vevela, e manaʻomia ona faʻaopopo le suauʻu suauʻu suauʻu sulfonate (molecular mamafa 300-750).O suau'u gau fa'avae e aofia ai fo'i vai-i-suau'u vai gau ma suau'u foam gau gau.O emulsifiers o lo'o fa'aaogaina i le mea muamua o suau'u-soluble anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants ma nonionic surfactants, ae o le foam stabilizers o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le mea mulimuli o le fluorine-o loʻo i ai polymer surfactants.

Suavai maaleale faiga gau e faʻaaogaina le faʻafefiloi o le ava malosi (e pei o le ethylene glycol) ma le suauu (e pei o le kerosene) e fai ma ala faʻasalalau, kaponi carbon dioxide e pei o le vaega faʻasalalau, ma le sulfate-salted polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol eter e fai ma emulsifier.Po'o le emulsion po'o le foam ua fa'atūina i le mea fa'afu'a e fa'aleaga ai le vai-maaleale faiga.

O le sua gau o lo'o fa'aaogaina mo le gau ma le fa'asa'o o se vai gau ma se sua fa'asa.E faʻaaogaina i carbonate formations, ma o fua e lua e faia i le taimi e tasi.E feso'ota'i ma surfactants o le foam acid ma le emulsion acid.O le mea muamua e faʻaaogaina le alkyl sulfonate poʻo le alkyl benzene sulfonate e fai ma sui faʻafefe, ma o le mea mulimuli e faʻaaogaina le sulfonate surfactant e fai ma emulsifier.E pei o vai fa'asa'o, e fa'aogaina fo'i e sua fa'ama'i sua fa'ama'i e fa'aanti-emulsifiers, fesoasoani alavai ma susū fa'aliliuga sui, lea o le a le talanoaina iinei.

6. Fa'aaoga mea fa'afefe mo le fa'atonutonuina o fa'amatalaga ma faiga e poloka ai le vai

Ina ia faʻaleleia le faʻaleleia o le faʻaogaina o le vai ma taofia le faʻatupulaia o le suauʻu suauʻu vai, e tatau ona fetuunai le faʻaogaina o le vai i luga o vaieli tui vai ma faʻateleina le gaosiga e ala i le polokaina o vai i luga o vaieli gaosiga.O nisi o fa'atonuga fa'atonuga ma auala e poloka ai le vai e masani ona fa'aogaina ai nisi fa'aola.

O le HPC/SDS gel fa'atonuga fa'atonuga o lo'o aofia ai le hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) ma le sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) i vai fou.

Sodium alkyl sulfonate ma alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride o loʻo faʻamavaeina i totonu o le vai e saunia ai ni vai galue se lua, lea e tui i totonu o le faʻavaeina o le tasi ma le isi.O vai galue e lua e fegalegaleai ma le tasi i le faʻavaeina e maua ai le alkyl trimethylamine.O le sulfite e faʻafefe ma poloka le maualuga maualuga o le faʻaogaina.

Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, alkyl aryl sulfonates, ma isi mea. e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e pei o ni mea faʻafefe, faʻamavae i totonu o le vai e saunia ai se vai galue, ona tui lea i totonu o le faʻavaeina faʻatasi ma le gaʻo gaʻo gaʻo gaʻo gaʻo, naʻo le faʻavaeina (matua maualuga O le permeable). layer) fa'afu, fa'atupu poloka, ma fai sona sao i le fa'atonutonuina o fa'amatalaga.

O le faʻaaogaina o le ammonium quaternary surfactant e pei o se mea faʻafefete faʻafefeteina i totonu o le silicic acid sol e aofia ai le ammonium sulfate ma le vai tioata ma tui i totonu o le faʻavae, ona tui lea o le kasa e le mafai ona faʻafefe (kasa masani poʻo le chlorine), e mafai ona gaosia se faʻavae vai. i le faatulagaga muamua.O le foam i le interlayer dispersion, sosoo ai ma le gelation o le silicic acid sol, e maua ai se foam ma le malosi e pei o le dispersion medium, lea e faia le matafaioi o le faʻapipiʻiina o le maualuga o le permeability layer ma pulea le talaaga.

O le faʻaaogaina o le sulfonate surfactants e fai ma mea faʻafefe ma mea faʻapipiʻi polymer e pei o faʻamaufaʻailoga foam mafiafia, ona tuʻuina atu lea o le kesi poʻo mea e gaosia ai le kesi, e faʻatupuina se faʻavae vai i luga o le eleele poʻo le faʻavaeina.O lenei foam o lo'o galue i luga o le suau'u.O se aofaiga tele o le sooupu e agai atu i le suauʻu-vai, e mafua ai le faʻaleagaina o le foam, o lea e le poloka ai le suauʻu.Ose suau'u filifilia ma le suau'u vai e poloka vai.

O le suau'u fa'avae sima vai fa'agata vai o se fa'amalologa ole sima ile suau'u.Ole luga ole sima ole hydrophilic.A o'o i totonu o le fa'afuga vai, o le vai e sui ai le fegalegaleai i le va o le suau'u suau'u ma le sima i luga o le sima, ma mafua ai ona fa'amaua'a le sima ma poloka ai le vaega e gaosia ai le vai.Ina ia faʻaleleia atili le suavai o lenei mea faʻapipiʻi, carboxylate ma sulfonate surfactants e masani ona faʻaopoopoina.

O le vai e fa'avae i le vai-soluble water-blocking agent o se vaifofo micellar e tele lava ina aofia ai le suau'u ammonium sulfonate, hydrocarbons ma ava malosi.O loʻo i ai le maualuga o le masima i le faʻavaeina ma faʻafefeteina e maua ai le vai-blocking effect..

Fa'avae vai po'o le suau'u fa'avae cationic surfactant solution vai-blocking agent e fa'avae i luga ole alkyl carboxylate ma alkyl ammonium chloride masima masima ma e na'o le talafeagai mo le fausiaina o oneone.

Suau'u mamafa malosi vai-poloka sui o se ituaiga o suauu mamafa solo ma vai-i-suauu emulsifier.E maua ai se vai-i-suau'u emulsion sili ona viscous pe a uma le faʻavaeina e faʻafefeteina ina ia ausia le faʻamoemoe o le polokaina o le vai.

Suau'u-i-vai vai-puipuia ua saunia e emulsifying suauu mamafa i le vai e faaaoga ai se cationic surfactant e avea o se suauu-i-vai emulsifier.

7. Fa'aaoga mea fa'afefe mo le fa'atonutonuina o le oneone

A'o le'i fa'agaoioia le oneone, e mana'omia ona tui se aofa'iga o vai fa'agaoioi ua saunia fa'atasi ma surfactants e fai ma vai muamua e fa'amama ai le fa'avae e fa'aleleia atili ai le malosi o le oneone.I le taimi nei, o mea fa'aoga masani o mea fa'aoga anionic.

8. Surfactant mo le fa'amama le suau'u mama

I le tulaga muamua ma lona lua toe faaleleia suauu, vai-i-suauu demulsifiers e masani ona faaaoga mo le suauʻu mama.E tolu augatupulaga o oloa ua fausia.O le augatupulaga muamua o le carboxylate, sulfate ma le sulfonate.O le augatupulaga lona lua e maualalo-molecular nonionic surfactants pei ole OP, Pingpingjia ma sulfonated castor suauu.O le tupulaga lona tolu o le polymer nonionic surfactant.

I la'asaga mulimuli ane o le toe fa'aleleia o le suau'u lona lua ma le toe fa'aleleia o le suau'u tulaga maualuga, o le suau'u mama na gaosia e tele lava ina i ai i foliga o le suau'u-i-vai emulsion.E fa ituaiga o demulsifiers o loʻo faʻaaogaina, e pei o le tetradecyltrimethyloxyammonium chloride ma le didecyldimethylammonium chloride.E mafai ona latou tali atu i emulsifiers anionic e suia ai lo latou tau paleni suauu hydrophilic, po o Adsorbed i luga o le vai-susu omea particles, suia lo latou wettability ma faaumatia emulsions suauu-i-vai.E le gata i lea, o nisi o mea faʻafefete anionic ma suauʻu-soluble nonionic surfactants e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e pei o vai-i-suauʻu emulsifiers e mafai foi ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma faʻamalo mo suauʻu-i-vai emulsions.

1. Surfactants mo le vai

A maeʻa ona vavae ese le suauʻu suauʻu gaosiga mai le suauʻu mama, e manaʻomia ona togafitia le vai gaosia e faʻafetaui ai manaʻoga toe faʻaleleia.E ono fa'amoemoega ole su'esu'ega vai, e fa'agata ai le pala, puipuia fua, fa'amama, aveese okesene, aveese le suau'u ma le aveesea o mea fa'amalo.O le mea lea, e mana'omia le fa'aogaina o mea fa'amalo, mea e fa'asa'o ai mea, bactericides, scavengers okesene, degreasers ma flocculants, ma isi.

Alkyl sulfonic acids, perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids, linear alkyl amine salts, quaternary ammonium salts, ma alkyl pyridine salts., masima o le Adazoliline ma o mea e maua, Polyovesfedyene Alkyl Baryl Embersl Dialkyl, o Polyoyedy ) O le alkyl i totonu o le masima ma o latou mea na tutupu.

Surfactants faʻaaogaina e fai ma mea faʻafefe e aofia ai masima ester phosphate, masima ester sulfate, acetates, carboxylates ma a latou polyoxyethylene compounds.O le mautu o le vevela o masima ester sulfonate ma masima carboxylate e matua sili atu nai lo masima ester phosphate ma masima ester sulfate.

Alkylpyridinium salts o lo'o fa'aaogaina i fungicides e aofia ai masima alkylamine laina, masima ammonium quaternary, masima alkylpyridinium, masima o le imidazoline ma ona mea e maua mai ai, masima ammonium quaternary eseese, di(polyoxy) Vinyl) alkyl ma masima totonu o ana mea e maua mai ai.

Alamanuia surfactants faʻaaogaina i degreasers e tele lava surfactants ma fausaga lala ma sodium dithiocarboxylate vaega.

10. Surfactant mo lologa suauu vailaau

O le toe fa'aleleia o le suau'u muamua ma le lua e mafai ona toe maua mai le 25%-50% o le suau'u mama i lalo o le eleele, ae o lo'o i ai pea le tele o le suauu mama o lo'o tumau i lalo ma e le mafai ona toe maua.O le fa'atinoina o le toe fa'aleleia o le suau'u maualuga e mafai ona fa'aleleia atili ai le toe fa'aleleia o le suau'u mama.O le toe fa'aleleia o le suau'u tulaga maualuga e tele lava ina fa'aogaina auala lolovaia vaila'au, o lona uiga, fa'aopoopo nisi vaila'au vaila'au i le vai tu'iina e fa'aleleia atili ai le lolovaia o vai.Faatasi ai ma vailaʻau o loʻo faʻaaogaina, o nisi o mea faʻapisinisi.O se folasaga puupuu ia i latou e faapea:

Ole auala ole lolovaia ole suau'u vaila'au e fa'aaoga ai le surfactant e fai ma sui autu e ta'ua ole lolovaia ole surfactant.Surfactants e tele lava le sao i le faʻaleleia o le suauʻu toe faʻaleleia e ala i le faʻaitiitia o le faʻafefe o le suauʻu-vai ma faʻateleina le numera o capillaries.Talu ai ona o le faʻaogaina o le maʻa oneone e leaga le molia, o mea faʻaoga o loʻo faʻaaogaina e masani lava o faʻamaʻi anionic, ma o le tele oi latou o sulfonate surfactants.E faia e ala i le fa'aogaina o le sulfonating agent (e pei o le sulfur trioxide) e fa'asufonate ai vaega ninii suau'u ma maualuga mea manogi hydrocarbon, ona fa'apa'u'ese lea i le alkali.O ona faʻamatalaga: mea malosi 50% -80%, suauu minerale 5% -30%, vai 2% -20%, sodium sulfate 1% -6%.Ole suau'u sulfonate e le fa'asa'o ile vevela, masima, po'o iona u'amea taugata.O sulfonates fa'akomepiuta e saunia mai vai fa'atatau i le fa'aogaina o metotia fa'aoga tutusa.Faatasi ai ma i latou, o le α-olefin sulfonate e sili ona tetee i masima ma ion uʻamea maualuga.E mafai fo'i ona fa'aoga isi mea e fa'asolo ai le anionic-nonionic ma mea fa'a-carboxylate mo le su'u suau'u.Ole suauʻu suauʻu suauʻu e manaʻomia ni mea faʻapipiʻi se lua: tasi o le co-surfactant, e pei o le isobutanol, diethylene glycol butyl ether, urea, sulfolane, alkenylene benzene sulfonate, ma isi, ma le isi o le dielectric, e aofia ai masima ma alkali masima, tele masima, lea e mafai ona faʻaitiitia ai le hydrophilicity o le surfactant ma faʻateleina le lipophilicity, ma suia ai foi le tau paleni hydrophilic-lipophilic o le sui malosi.Ina ia faʻaitiitia le leiloa o le surfactant ma faʻaleleia aʻafiaga tau tamaoaiga, o loʻo faʻaaogaina foi e lologa o le surfactant vailaʻau e taʻua o sui o taulaga.O mea e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma taulaga e aofia ai mea alkaline ma polycarboxylic acids ma latou masima.Oligomers ma polymers e mafai foi ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma taulaga.Lignosulfonates ma o latou suiga o ni taulaga faataulaga.

O le suau'u suau'u auala fa'aaoga e lua pe sili atu suau'u suau'u suau'u vaega autu e ta'ua o lologa tu'ufa'atasi.Ole auala ole suau'u fa'afeso'ota'i ile surfactants e aofia ai: surfactant ma polymer mafiafia lologa surfactant;Lologa fa'a-alkali fa'alelei fa'atasi ma lologa alkali + fa'afefete po'o lologa alkali fa'aleleia fa'afefete;lolovaia fa'avae fa'avae fa'atasi ma le alkali + surfactant + polymer.O lologa tu'ufa'atasi e masani ona maualuga atu mea e toe fa'aleleia ai nai lo le ta'avale tasi.E tusa ai ma le au'ili'iliga o lo'o iai nei i faiga tau atina'e i totonu o le atunu'u ma fafo, o lologa tu'ufa'atasi i ternary e sili atu ona lelei nai lo lologa fa'atasi.O mea e fa'aaogaina i lologa tu'ufa'atasi e tele lava petroleum sulfonates, e masani ona fa'aogaina fa'atasi ma le sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid ma carboxylates o polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers, ma polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol alkyl sulfonate sodium salts.ma isi e fa'aleleia atili ai lona fa'apalepale masima.Talu ai nei, i le fale ma fafo ua faʻapipiʻi taua tele i le suʻesuʻega ma le faʻaaogaina o biosurfactants, e pei o le rhamnolipid, sophorolipid fermentation broth, ma isi, faʻapea foʻi ma carboxylates fefiloi faʻanatura ma le gaosiga o pepa e ala i oloa alkali lignin, ma isi, ma ua ausia. i'uga lelei i su'ega i malae ma totonu.Le lelei o le suau'u a'afiaga.