Shampoo bụ ngwaahịa a na-eji na ndụ ndị mmadụ na-adị kwa ụbọchị iji wepụ unyi dị n'akpụkpọ isi na ntutu ma mee ka isi na ntutu dị ọcha.Ihe ndị bụ isi nke ncha ntutu bụ ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe (nke a na-akpọ surfactants), ndị na-ekpo ọkụ, ihe mkpuchi, ihe nchekwa, wdg. Ihe kachasị mkpa bụ surfactants.Ọrụ nke surfactants na-agụnye ọ bụghị naanị ihicha, ịfụ ụfụfụ, ịchịkwa omume rheological, na ịdị nwayọọ akpụkpọ, kamakwa na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na cationic flocculation.N'ihi na enwere ike idobe polymer cationic na ntutu isi, usoro ahụ nwere njikọ chiri anya na ọrụ elu, yana ọrụ elu na-enyere aka itinye ihe ndị ọzọ bara uru (dịka silicone emulsion, anti-dandruff acts).Ịgbanwe usoro surfactant ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe ọkwa electrolyte ga-eme ka mmeghachi omume agbụ nke mmetụta polymer na-edozi na ncha ntutu.
1.SLES table ọrụ
SLS nwere mmetụta dị mma na-eme ka mmiri dị mma, nwere ike ịmịpụta ụfụfụ bara ụba, ma na-eme ka ọ na-emepụta ụfụfụ ọkụ.Otú ọ dị, ọ na-enwe mmekọrịta siri ike na ndị na-edozi ahụ ma na-agbakasị ahụ akpụkpọ ahụ, n'ihi ya, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka isi ọrụ elu.Isi ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke shampoos bụ SLES.Mmetụta mgbasa ozi SLES na akpụkpọ ahụ na ntutu dị ala karịa nke SLS kwekọrọ.Ngwaahịa SLES nwere ogo ethoxylation dị elu agaghị enwe mmetụta mgbasa ozi.Na mgbakwunye, ụfụfụ nke SLES Ọ nwere nkwụsi ike dị mma na nguzogide siri ike na mmiri siri ike.Akpụkpọ ahụ, ọkachasị akpụkpọ ahụ mucous, na-anabata SLES karịa SLS.Sodium laureth sulfate na ammonium laureth sulfate bụ ihe abụọ SLES surfactants na-ejikarị na ahịa.Nnyocha nke Long Zhike na ndị ọzọ chọpụtara na laureth sulfate amine nwere nnukwu ụfụfụ viscosity, ezigbo nkwụsi ike nke ụfụfụ, ụda ụfụfụ na-agafeghị oke, ezigbo nkwụsịtụ, na ntutu dị nro mgbe ịsachara, ma laureth sulfate ammonium salt Amonia gas ga-ekewa n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline, ya mere sodium laureth. sulfate, nke chọrọ oke pH ka ukwuu, na-ejikarị eme ihe, mana ọ na-ewe iwe karịa nnu ammonium.Ọnụọgụ nke nkeji ethoxy SLES na-adịkarị n'etiti nkeji 1 na 5.Mgbakwunye nke otu ethoxy ga-ebelata mkpokọta micelle dị egwu (CMC) nke sulfate surfactants.Mbelata kasị ukwuu na CMC na-eme mgbe ọ gbakwụnye naanị otu ethoxy, ebe mgbe ị gbakwunyere 2 na 4 ethoxy group, mbelata dị ntakịrị.Ka akụkụ ethoxy na-abawanye, ndakọrịta nke AES na akpụkpọ ahụ na-akawanye mma, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị mkpasu iwe na-ahụ na SLES nwere ihe dị ka nkeji iri ethoxy.Otú ọ dị, iwebata ndị otu ethoxy na-abawanye solubility nke surfactant, nke na-egbochi ụlọ viscosity, ya mere ọ dị mkpa ka a chọta nguzozi.Ọtụtụ shampoos azụmahịa na-eji SLES nwere nkezi nkeji 1 ruo 3 ethoxy.
Na nchịkọta, SLES na-efu ọnụ na nhazi ncha ntutu.Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ nwere ụfụfụ bara ụba, nguzogide siri ike na mmiri siri ike, ọ dị mfe ịgbatị, ma nwee ngwa ngwa cationic flocculation, ya mere ọ ka bụ isi ihe na-emepụta ihe na shampoos ugbu a.
2. Amino acid surfactants
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, n'ihi na SLES nwere dioxane, ndị na-azụ ahịa atụgharịala na sistemu surfactant dị nro, dị ka sistemu amino acid surfactant system, alkyl glycoside surfactant systems, wdg.
Amino acid surfactants na-ekewa n'ime acyl glutamate, N-acyl sarcosinate, N-methylacyl taurate, wdg.
2.1 Acyl glutamate
A na-ekewa Acyl glutamate n'ime nnu monosodium na nnu disodium.Ihe ngwọta mmiri nke monosodium salts bụ acidic, na ngwọta mmiri nke disodium salts bụ alkaline.Sistemụ surfactant acyl glutamate nwere ikike ịfụfụ kwesịrị ekwesị, ime mmiri na ihe ịsa ahụ, yana nguzogide mmiri siri ike nke dị mma karịa ma ọ bụ yiri SLES.Ọ dị oke nchebe, ọ gaghị ebute oke iwe na mgbakasị ahụ, ma nwee obere phototoxicity., mgbakasị ahụ nke otu oge na mucosa anya dị nro, na mgbakasị ahụ na akpụkpọ ahụ merụrụ ahụ (oke akụkụ 5% ngwọta) dị nso na mmiri.Ihe nnọchi anya acyl glutamate bụ disodium cocoyl glutamate..A na-eme disodium cocoyl glutamate site na acid aki oyibo eke dị oke nchebe na glutamic acid mgbe acyl chloride gasịrị.Li Qiang et al.achọtara na "Nchọpụta na Ngwa nke Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate na Silicone-Free Shampoos" nke na-agbakwunye disodium cocoyl glutamate na usoro SLES nwere ike imeziwanye ikike ụfụfụ nke usoro ahụ ma belata SLES-dị ka mgbaàmà.Mgbakasị Shampoo.Mgbe ihe dilution bụ ugboro 10, ugboro 20, ugboro 30, na ugboro 50, disodium cocoyl glutamate emetụtaghị ọsọ ọsọ na ike nke usoro ahụ.Mgbe ihe dilution bụ ugboro 70 ma ọ bụ ugboro 100, mmetụta flocculation ka mma, mana ịgbatị siri ike karị.Ihe kpatara ya bụ na enwere otu carboxyl abụọ na disodium cocoyl glutamate molecule, a na-ejidekwa ndị isi hydrophilic na interface ahụ.Mpaghara buru ibu na-ebute oke nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị ntakịrị, na surfactant na-agbakọta ngwa ngwa ka ọ bụrụ ọdịdị okirikiri, na-eme ka o sie ike ịmalite irighiri dị ka micelles, na-eme ka ọ sie ike ito.
2.2 N-acyl sarcosinate
N-acyl sarcosinate nwere mmetụta wetting na-anọpụ iche na oke acidic na-adịghị ike, nwere ụfụfụ siri ike na mmetụta na-eme ka ọ dị ike, ma nwee nnukwu nnabata maka mmiri siri ike na electrolytes.Ihe kacha pụta ìhè bụ sodium lauroyl sarcosinate..Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate nwere mmetụta nhicha dị mma.Ọ bụ ụdị amino acid anionic surfactant nke a kwadebere site na isi mmalite nke lauric acid na sodium sarcosinate site na mmeghachi omume anọ nke phthalization, condensation, acidification na nhazi nnu.onye nnọchi anya.Arụ ọrụ nke sodium lauroyl sarcosinate n'ihe gbasara arụmọrụ ụfụfụ, ụda ụfụfụ na arụrụ arụ ọrụ dị nso na sodium laureth sulfate.Otú ọ dị, n'ime usoro ncha ntutu nke nwere otu polymer cationic, akụkụ nke flocculation nke abụọ dị.doro anya dị iche.N'oge ịfụfụ na ịhịa aka n'ahụ, ncha ntutu nke sistemu amino acid nwere obere nhịahụ na-amị amị karịa usoro sulfate;N'oge a na-agbapụta, ọ bụghị naanị na nsụda na-amị amị na-adị ntakịrị ala, kamakwa ọ na-agba ọsọ nke ncha ntutu amino acid dị ala karịa nke ncha ntutu sulfate.Wang Kuan et al.chọpụtara na usoro ngwakọta nke sodium lauroyl sarcosinate na nonionic, anionic na zwitterionic surfactants.Site na-agbanwe paramita dị ka surfactant onunu ogwu na ruru, a chọpụtara na maka ọnụọgụ abụọ compound compound, a obere ego nke alkyl glycosides nwere ike nweta synergistic ndim;mgbe na ternary compound compound, ratio nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na viscosity nke usoro, n'etiti nke Nchikota sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, cocamidopropyl betaine na alkyl glycosides nwere ike nweta mma onwe-thickening mmetụta.Sistemụ surfactant Amino acid nwere ike ịmụta n'ụdị atụmatụ a.
2.3 N-Methylacyltaurine
Njirimara anụ ahụ na kemịkal nke N-methylacyl taurate yiri nke sodium alkyl sulfate nwere otu ogologo ogologo.Ọ nwekwara ezigbo ụfụfụ na pH na ike mmiri anaghị emetụta ya ngwa ngwa.Ọ nwere ezigbo ụfụfụ na oke acidic na-adịghị ike, ọbụna na mmiri siri ike, n'ihi ya, ọ nwere ọtụtụ ihe eji eme ihe karịa alkyl sulfates, ọ dịghịkwa akpasu akpụkpọ ahụ karịa N-sodium lauroyl glutamate na sodium lauryl phosphate.Na nso, dị ala karịa SLES, ọ bụ obere mgbakasị ahụ, nke dị nro.Ihe na-anọchi anya ya bụ sodium methyl cocoyl taurate.A na-emepụta sodium methyl cocoyl taurate site na nchikota nke fatty acids sitere n'okike na sodium methyl taurate.Ọ bụ surfactant amino acid a na-ahụkarị nke nwere ụfụfụ bara ụba yana nkwụsi ike nke ụfụfụ dị mma.Ọ bụ isi anaghị emetụta pH na mmiri.Mmetụta ike ike.Sodium methyl cocoyl taurate nwere mmetụta mwepu synergistic na ihe ndị na-emepụta amphoteric, karịsịa betaine-ụdị amphoteric surfactants.Zheng Xiaomei et al.na "Nchọpụta na Ngwa Ngwa nke Amino Acid Surfactants anọ na Shampoos" lekwasịrị anya na sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl alanate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, na sodium lauroyl aspartate.Emere ọmụmụ ihe atụnyere na arụmọrụ ngwa na ncha ntutu.Na-ewere sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) dị ka ntụaka, arụ ọrụ ụfụfụ, ike ihicha, arụ ọrụ siri ike na arụmọrụ flocculation a tụlere.Site na nnwale, e kwubiri na arụmọrụ ụfụfụ nke sodium cocoyl alanine na sodium lauroyl sarcosinate dịtụ mma karịa nke SLES;ike ihicha nke ihe anọ amino acid surfactants nwere ntakịrị ihe dị iche, na ha niile dịtụ mma karịa SLES;Arụmọrụ ndim n'ozuzu dị ala karịa SLES.Site n'ịgbakwunye thickener iji dozie viscosity nke usoro ahụ, viscosity nke usoro sodium cocoyl alanine nwere ike ịbawanye ruo 1500 Pa·s, ebe viscosity nke usoro amino acid atọ ndị ọzọ ka dị ala karịa 1000 Pa·s.Oghere flocculation nke amino acid anọ surfactants dị nro karịa nke SLES, na-egosi na ncha ntutu amino acid na-eji nwayọ nwayọ, ebe sistemu sulfate na-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa.Na nchịkọta, mgbe ị na-eme ka usoro ncha ntutu amino acid sie ike, ị nwere ike ịtụle ịgbakwunye surfactants nonionic iji mee ka mkpokọta micelle dị elu maka nzube nke ito.Ịnwekwara ike ịgbakwunye ihe ndị na-eme ka polymer dị ka PEG-120 methylglucose dioleate.Na mgbakwunye, , ịgbakọta cationic conditioners kwesịrị ekwesị iji melite combability ka bụ ihe siri ike n'ụdị nhazi a.
3. Nonionic alkyl glycoside surfactants
Na mgbakwunye na amino acid surfactants, nonionic alkyl glycoside surfactants (APGs) adọtala ndị mmadụ n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya n'ihi iwe ha dị ala, ịdị mma gburugburu ebe obibi, yana ezigbo ndakọrịta na akpụkpọ ahụ.Ejikọtara ya na surfactants dị ka fatty alcohol polyether sulfates (SLES), ndị na-abụghị ionic APG na-ebelata mmechi electrostatic nke otu anionic nke SLES, si otú ahụ na-akpụ nnukwu micelles nwere ihe owuwu dị ka mkpanaka.Miceles ndị dị otú ahụ adịkarịghị abanye n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ.Nke a na-ebelata mmekorita ya na protein akpụkpọ anụ na iwe na-akpata.Fu Yanling et al.chọpụtara na a na-eji SLES mee ihe dị ka anionic surfactant, cocamidopropyl betaine na sodium lauroamphoacetate ka ejiri zwitterionic surfactants, na decyl glucoside na cocoyl glucoside na-eji dị ka nonionic surfactants.Ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ, mgbe ha nwesịrị ule, anionic surfactants nwere ihe kachasị mma na-ekpo ọkụ, nke na-esote zwitterionic surfactants, na APG nwere ihe ndị kasị njọ;shampoos nwere anionic surfactants dị ka ndị isi na-arụ ọrụ n'elu nwere flocculation doro anya, ebe zwitterionic surfactants na APG nwere ihe na-afụ ụfụ kachasị njọ.Ọ dịghị flocculation mere;N'ihe gbasara ịsacha na mmiri ịcha ntutu isi, usoro site na kacha mma ruo na nke kachasị njọ bụ: APGs> anions> zwitterionics, ebe na ntutu akọrọ, ihe eji eme shampoos na anions na zwitterions dị ka ndị isi surfactants bụ otu., shampoo na APG dị ka isi surfactant nwere ihe kacha njọ combing Njirimara;ule ọkụkọ embrayo chorioallantoic akpụkpọ ahụ na-egosi na ncha ntutu nwere APG dị ka isi surfactant bụ nke dị nro, ebe ncha ntutu na anions na zwitterions dị ka isi surfactants bụ nke kachasị nro.nnọọ.APG nwere CMC dị ala ma bụrụ ihe nchacha dị irè maka akpụkpọ ahụ na sebum lipids.Ya mere, APG na-arụ ọrụ dị ka isi ihe na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ntutu dị ka ọ dịpụrụ adịpụ ma kpọọ nkụ.Ọ bụ ezie na ha dị nro na akpụkpọ ahụ, ha nwekwara ike wepụ lipids ma mee ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo nkụ.Ya mere, mgbe ị na-eji APG dị ka isi surfactant, ị kwesịrị ịtụle ókè ha na-ewepụ lipids akpụkpọ ahụ.Enwere ike ịgbakwunye mmiri mmiri kwesịrị ekwesị na usoro iji gbochie dandruff.Maka nkụchi, onye edemede ahụ na-echekwa na enwere ike iji ya dị ka ncha ntutu mmanụ, maka naanị ntụaka.
Na nchịkọta, nke ugbu a bụ isi kpuchie nke elu ọrụ na ncha ntutu formulas ka na-achịkwa anionic n'elu ọrụ, nke bụ isi kewara abụọ isi usoro.Nke mbụ, SLES jikọtara ya na zwitterionic surfactants ma ọ bụ ndị na-abụghị ionic surfactants iji belata iwe ya.Usoro usoro a nwere ụfụfụ bara ụba, ọ dị mfe ịgbatị, ma nwee ngwa ngwa nke cationic na silicone mmanụ conditioners na ọnụ ala dị ala, ya mere ọ ka bụ usoro surfactant na ahịa.Nke abụọ, anionic amino acid salts jikọtara ya na zwitterionic surfactants iji mee ka arụ ọrụ ụfụfụ dịkwuo elu, bụ ebe dị ọkụ na mmepe ahịa.Ụdị ngwaahịa a dị nro ma nwee ụfụfụ bara ụba.Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na usoro nnu amino acid na-agbagharị ma na-agba nwayọọ nwayọọ, ntutu nke ụdị ngwaahịa a dịtụ ala..APG ndị na-abụghị ionic abụrụla ụzọ ọhụrụ na mmepe ncha ntutu n'ihi ezigbo ndakọrịta na akpụkpọ ahụ.Ihe isi ike dị n'ịmepụta ụdị usoro a bụ ịchọta ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma iji mee ka ụba nke ụfụfụ ya dịkwuo elu, na ịgbakwunye mmiri mmiri kwesịrị ekwesị iji belata mmetụta APG na akpụkpọ anụ.Ọnọdụ akọrọ.
Oge nzipu: Dec-21-2023