Kev hnav khaub ncaws ua los ntawm cov hlau yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm tsim khoom uas npaj cov khoom siv raw rau kev smelting hlau thiab kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg. Kev ua npuas dej tau dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua cov khoom siv hauv av. Yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv hauv av tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm kev siv kev ua npuas dej.
Tam sim no flotation siv dav hauv kev ua cov hlau ores uas muaj hlau thiab manganese, xws li hematite, smithsonite, thiab ilmenite; cov hlau muaj nqis xws li kub thiab nyiaj; cov hlau tsis muaj hlau xws li tooj liab, txhuas, zinc, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, thiab antimony, xws li cov zaub mov sulfide xws li galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, molybdenite, thiab pentlandite, nrog rau cov zaub mov oxide xws li malachite, cerussite, hemimorphite, cassiterite, thiab wolframite; cov zaub mov ntsev uas tsis yog hlau xws li fluorite, apatite, thiab barite; thiab cov zaub mov ntsev uas yaj tau xws li sylvite thiab ntsev pob zeb. Nws kuj siv rau kev sib cais cov zaub mov tsis yog hlau thiab silicates, xws li thee, graphite, sulfur, pob zeb diamond, quartz, mica, feldspar, beryl, thiab spodumene.
Kev siv tshuab ua kom dej ntws tau muaj kev paub ntau yam hauv kev ua cov khoom siv hauv av, nrog rau kev nce qib thev naus laus zis tas mus li. Txawm tias cov khoom siv hauv av uas tsis zoo thiab muaj cov qauv nyuaj uas yav dhau los suav tias siv tsis tau hauv kev lag luam tam sim no tuaj yeem rov qab tau thiab siv tau (ua cov peev txheej thib ob) los ntawm kev siv tshuab ua kom dej ntws.
Thaum cov khoom siv hauv av ua rau cov khoom siv tsis muaj zog zuj zus, nrog rau cov khoom siv tau muab faib ua ntau dua thiab sib txawv hauv cov ores, qhov nyuaj ntawm kev sib cais nce ntxiv. Txhawm rau kom txo cov nqi tsim khoom, cov lag luam xws li metallurgy thiab tshuaj lom neeg xav tau cov qauv zoo dua thiab kev ua haujlwm raug rau cov khoom siv raw ua tiav, piv txwv li, cov khoom sib cais.
Ntawm ib sab tes, muaj qhov xav tau los txhim kho qhov zoo; ntawm qhov tod tes, kev siv flotation qhia tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li lwm txoj hauv kev los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm cov zaub mov zoo uas nyuaj rau cais. Nws tau dhau los ua txoj hauv kev ua cov zaub mov uas siv dav tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev cia siab niaj hnub no. Thaum pib siv rau cov zaub mov sulfide, kev siv flotation tau maj mam nthuav dav mus rau cov zaub mov oxide, cov zaub mov tsis yog hlau, thiab lwm yam. Tam sim no, ntau txhiab tons ntawm cov zaub mov raug ua los ntawm kev siv flotation thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo.
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kev siv tshuab flotation tsis yog txwv rau kev ua cov khoom siv hauv cov pob zeb xwb tab sis tau nthuav dav mus rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, metallurgy, papermaking, kev ua liaj ua teb, tshuaj lom neeg, khoom noj, cov ntaub ntawv, tshuaj, thiab biology.
Piv txwv li, kev siv flotation los rov qab tau cov khoom siv tau los ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm pyrometallurgy, volatiles, thiab slags; los rov qab tau cov leach residues thiab cov khoom precipitated los ntawm hydrometallurgy; rau deinking ntawm cov ntawv rov ua dua tshiab thiab cov fiber rov qab los ntawm cov kua pulp pov tseg hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg; thiab rau kev rho tawm cov roj nyoos hnyav los ntawm cov xuab zeb hauv dej, cais cov khoom me me, colloids, cov kab mob, thiab cov hlau tsis huv los ntawm cov dej phwj, uas yog cov ntawv thov ib txwm muaj hauv kev tsim kho ib puag ncig.
Nrog kev txhim kho hauv cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem flotation, nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj reagents thiab cov khoom siv flotation tshiab thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, flotation yuav pom cov ntawv thov dav dua hauv ntau lub lag luam thiab cov teb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev siv cov txheej txheem flotation cuam tshuam nrog cov nqi ua tiav siab dua vim yog cov tshuaj reagents (piv rau kev sib cais sib nqus thiab lub ntiajteb txawj nqus); cov kev cai nruj rau qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom noj pub; ntau yam cuam tshuam rau hauv cov txheej txheem flotation, xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab; thiab cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cov tshuaj reagents seem uas tuaj yeem ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-26-2025