Tam sim no, cov surfactants tsis yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj tua kab xwb tab sis kuj siv rau hauv txhua hom tshuaj tua kab. Xyoo 1993, kev siv surfactants rau tshuaj tua kab thoob ntiaj teb yog kwv yees li 230,000 tons, suav txog 3.3% ntawm tag nrho cov surfactant siv. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, tus nqi muag khoom ntawm surfactants rau tshuaj tua kab ua rau kwv yees li 6% ntawm nws cov tshuaj tua kab ua lag luam. Ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj tua kab hauv xyoo 1992 siv surfactants, feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj tua kab. Hauv Suav teb, kev siv surfactants rau tshuaj tua kab yog kwv yees li 40,000 tons, nrog rau kwv yees li ib feem peb ua haujlwm ua emulsifiers.
Cov tshuaj surfactants tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj tua kab uas tsis yooj yim tswj tau mus ua cov tshuaj tua kab uas siv tau. Ua ib qho tshuaj tua kab adjuvant, lawv tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom cov tshuaj tua kab siv tau zoo xwb tab sis kuj txo cov tshuaj tua kab, txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab, thiab muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua liaj ua teb. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias cov tshuaj tua kab yog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas muaj cov haujlwm muaj zog, thiab lawv cov hom phiaj tswj, cov khoom tiv thaiv, thiab cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig yog qhov nyuaj heev, cov surfactants hauv cov tshuaj tua kab yuav tsum tau xaiv thiab tsim raws li cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv, thaum tseem xav txog cov teebmeem ntawm cov surfactants lawv tus kheej rau cov kab mob uas xav tau.
Cov hauv qab no tsom mus rau kev qhia txog cov lus qhia siv rau peb hom surfactants.
Los ntawm kev siv cov micellar action ntawm surfactants, qhov solubility ntawm cov khoom siv tsis yaj zoo hauv cov kuab tshuaj tau nce ntxiv ntau, uas hu ua solubilization. Surfactants nrog HLB tus nqi ntawm 15–18 tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua cov tshuaj yaj, tab sis kev yaj tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj yaj ntau dua qhov concentration micelle tseem ceeb. Thaum lub sijhawm no, cov tshuaj yaj tsis zoo raug encapsulated lossis adsorbed hauv cov micelles los ntawm cov pab pawg lipophilic ntawm cov tshuaj yaj, thaum cov pab pawg hydrophilic ntawm cov tshuaj yaj tseem nyob hauv dej, yog li ua rau cov tshuaj tsis-polar yaj hauv dej.
Cov tshuaj dispersants tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lossis tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom khov lossis cov kua hauv lub kaw lus dispersion thiab tswj lawv cov kev sib sau ua ke rau lub sijhawm ntev. Cov tshuaj dispersants nqus tau ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm roj-dej lossis ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom khov, tsim cov hluav taws xob lossis cov teeb meem steric hindrance nyob ib puag ncig cov khoom, uas pab tiv thaiv cov khoom tua kab kom tsis txhob rov sib sau ua ke thaum lub sijhawm tsim thiab khaws cia. Cov tshuaj dispersants siv feem ntau yog anionic surfactants nrog ntau lub nplhaib, xws li sodium ntsev ntawm alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensates, thiab lignosulfonates. Qhov sib txawv, cov tshuaj polymeric dispersants (xws li sodium polycarboxylate) yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv kev npaj cov dej ncua vim lawv cov khoom adsorption, nrog rau lawv lub peev xwm los them cov khoom tawg thiab tsim cov teeb meem loj steric.
3.Kev siv tshuaj Suspoemulsion
Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke nrov ntawm cov neeg siv vim lawv yooj yim thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj cov tshuaj tua kab ntau yam kom raug, thaum zam qhov tsis sib xws uas feem ntau ntsib hauv kev sib tov lub tank ib txwm muaj. Cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas tau npaj siv cov tshuaj tua kab khov uas tsis yaj hauv dej thiab cov tshuaj tua kab kua uas tsis yaj hauv dej nrog dej ua cov khoom nruab nrab thiab cov tshuaj surfactants ua cov neeg sawv cev pabcuam, thiab feem ntau tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm SC thiab EW. Cov tshuaj surfactants feem ntau siv suav nrog emulsifiers, dispersants, thickeners, thiab lwm yam. Hom tshuaj no tsis yog tsuas yog raug kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom me me thiab cov roj poob uas muaj nyob hauv SC thiab EW cov tshuaj, tab sis kuj ua rau nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua ntau yam kev sim khaws cia txias thiab kub ntawm ntau yam xwm txheej.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-09-2026