Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov surfactants rau kev ruaj khov av nplaum thiab kev ntsuas acidizing

1. Cov tshuaj ntxuav rau cov av nplaum ruaj khov

Kev ua kom cov av nplaum ruaj khov muaj ob yam: tiv thaiv kom cov av nplaum tsis txhob o thiab tiv thaiv kom cov av nplaum tsis txhob txav mus los. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom cov av nplaum tsis txhob o, siv cov tshuaj cationic surfactants xws li amine ntsev hom, quaternary ammonium ntsev hom, pyridinium ntsev hom, thiab imidazoline ntsev hom. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom cov av nplaum tsis txhob txav mus los, siv cov tshuaj fluorine uas muaj nonionic-cationic surfactants.

2. Cov tshuaj Surfactants rau kev ntsuas acidizing

Yuav kom ua kom cov kua qaub ua haujlwm zoo dua, feem ntau yuav tsum ntxiv ntau yam khoom ntxiv rau hauv cov kua qaub. Txhua yam surfactant uas sib xws nrog cov kua qaub thiab yooj yim nqus los ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem siv ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acidizing. Piv txwv li suav nrog fatty amine hydrochlorides, quaternary ammonium ntsev, thiab pyridinium ntsev ntawm cov cationic surfactants, nrog rau sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate-esterified, lossis sulfate-esterified polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers ntawm cov amphoteric surfactants. Qee cov surfactants, xws li dodecyl sulfonic acid thiab nws cov ntsev alkylamine, tuaj yeem emulsify cov kua qaub hauv roj los tsim cov kua qaub-hauv-roj emulsion, uas, thaum siv ua kua ua haujlwm acidizing, kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv.

Qee cov surfactants tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua cov demulsifiers rau acidizing fluids. Surfactants nrog cov qauv branched, xws li polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether thiab polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene pentaethylenehexamine, tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua acidizing demulsifiers.

Qee cov surfactants tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua cov tshuaj ntxiv rau kev ntxuav cov kua qaub uas siv lawm. Cov surfactants uas tuaj yeem siv ua cov tshuaj ntxiv rau kev ntxuav suav nrog cov ntsev amine, cov ntsev quaternary ammonium, cov ntsev pyridinium, cov ntsev non-ionic, cov ntsev amphoteric, thiab cov surfactants fluorinated.

Qee cov surfactants tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua cov acidizing sludge inhibitors, xws li cov surfactants uas yaj tau hauv roj xws li alkyl phenols, fatty acids, alkyl benzene sulfonic acids, thiab quaternary ammonium ntsev. Vim tias lawv cov kua qaub tsis zoo, cov surfactants uas tsis yog ionic tuaj yeem siv los faib lawv rau hauv cov kua qaub.

Yuav kom txhim kho cov nyhuv acidizing, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntxiv cov neeg sawv cev wettability reversal rau hauv cov kua qaub kom rov qab qhov ntub ntawm thaj chaw ze-wellbore los ntawm roj-ntub mus rau dej-ntub. Cov khoom sib xyaw xws li polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether thiab phosphate-esterified polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether raug adsorbed los ntawm kev tsim ua thawj txheej adsorption, yog li ua tiav cov nyhuv wettability reversal.

Ntxiv rau, muaj qee cov surfactants, xws li fatty amine hydrochlorides, quaternary ammonium ntsev, lossis non-ionic-anionic surfactants, uas yog siv los ua cov neeg sawv cev ua npuas dej los npaj cov kua ua haujlwm ua npuas dej, ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ncua, kev tiv thaiv xeb, thiab kev ua kom acidizing tob. Xwb, cov npuas dej no tuaj yeem npaj ua cov ntaub qhwv ua ntej rau acidizing, uas raug txhaj rau hauv qhov tsim ua ntej cov kua qaub. Cov nyhuv Jamin tsim los ntawm cov npuas dej hauv cov npuas dej tuaj yeem hloov cov kua qaub, yuam cov kua qaub kom yaj cov txheej qis-permeability thiab txhim kho cov nyhuv acidizing.