Kev siv cov surfactants hauv kev tsim cov roj av

Daim ntawv thov ntawmsurfactantsnyob rau hauv cov roj teb ntau lawm

1. Surfactants siv rau mining hnyav roj

Vim lub siab viscosity thiab tsis zoo fluidity ntawm cov roj hnyav, nws coj ntau yam teeb meem rau kev tsuas.Txhawm rau kom tshem tawm cov roj hnyav no, qee zaum yuav tsum tau txhaj cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm surfactant downhole los hloov cov roj viscosity hnyav rau hauv cov roj viscosity qis-hauv-dej emulsion thiab muab rho tawm rau saum npoo.Cov surfactants siv nyob rau hauv no hnyav roj emulsification thiab viscosity txo txoj kev muaj xws li sodium alkyl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl cawv ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyene polyene polyamine, polyoxyethylene Vinyl alkyl cawv ether sulfate sodium-dej ntsev, thiab lwm yam. tsim tau yuav tsum tau cais cov dej thiab siv qee qhov kev lag luam surfactants ua demulsifiers rau lub cev qhuav dej.Cov demulsifiers yog dej-hauv-roj emulsifiers.Feem ntau siv yog cationic surfactants lossis naphthenic acids, asphaltonic acids thiab lawv cov ntsev ntsev ntau ntau.

Cov roj tshwj xeeb hnyav tsis tuaj yeem raug mined los ntawm cov twj tso kua mis ib txwm siv thiab yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj rau thermal rov qab.Txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyhuv thermal rov qab, cov surfactants yuav tsum tau siv.Txhaj ua npuas ncauj rau hauv qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj zoo, uas yog, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab ua npuas dej thiab cov pa roj uas tsis yog condensable, yog ib txoj hauv kev siv feem ntau.

Feem ntau siv foaming agents yog alkyl benzene sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, petroleum sulfonates, sulfohydrocarbylated polyoxyethylene alkyl cawv ethers thiab sulfohydrocarbylated polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, thiab lwm yam. Vim hais tias fluorinated surfactants muaj cov kua qaub, ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm. roj, lawv yog cov zoo tagnrho high-temperature foaming agents.Txhawm rau ua kom cov roj dispersed tau yooj yim dhau los ntawm qhov pore caj pas qauv ntawm kev tsim, los yog ua kom cov roj nyob rau saum npoo ntawm qhov tsim tau yooj yim kom raug tsav tawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov surfactant hu ua zaj duab xis diffusing agent.Feem ntau siv ib qho yog oxyalkylated phenolic resin polymer nto ua haujlwm.tus neeg sawv cev.

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1. Surfactants rau mining waxy crude roj

Kev siv cov waxy crude roj yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv wax ntau zaus thiab tshem tawm cov quav ciab.Surfactants ua raws li wax inhibitors thiab siv quav ciab tshem tawm.Muaj cov roj-soluble surfactants thiab dej-soluble surfactants siv los tiv thaiv cov quav ciab.Tus qub plays lub luag hauj lwm los tiv thaiv cov quav ciab los ntawm kev hloov cov khoom ntawm cov siv lead ua wax.Feem ntau siv roj-soluble surfactants yog petroleum sulfonates thiab amine surfactants.Cov dej-soluble surfactants ua si lub luag haujlwm los tiv thaiv cov quav ciab los ntawm kev hloov cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv quav ciab (xws li cov kav dej, cov pas dej da dej thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev).Cov surfactants muaj xws li sodium alkyl sulfonates, quaternary ammonium ntsev, alkane polyoxyethylene ethers, aromatic hydrocarbon polyoxyethylene ethers thiab lawv sulfonate sodium ntsev, thiab lwm yam. Surfactants siv rau kev tshem tawm cov quav ciab kuj muab faib ua ob yam.Roj-soluble surfactants yog siv rau cov roj-raws li siv quav ciab tshem tawm, thiab dej-soluble sulfonate hom, quaternary ammonium ntsev hom, polyether hom, Tween hom, OP hom surfactants, Sulfate-based los yog sulfo-alkylated flat-type thiab OP-typesurfactants yog siv nyob rau hauv dej-raws li siv quav ciab tshem tawm.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau muab cov khoom siv ua ke, thiab cov khoom siv roj av thiab cov khoom siv dej ua kua dej tau ua ke los tsim cov hybrid wax removers.Cov wax tshem tawm no siv cov roj ntsha uas muaj ntxhiab thiab sib xyaw cov roj uas muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbons raws li cov roj theem, thiab siv cov emulsifier nrog cov nyhuv tshem tawm raws li cov dej theem.Thaum xaiv emulsifier yog ib qho nonionic surfactant nrog rau qhov tsim nyog huab cua, qhov kub thiab txias hauv qab ntawm cov waxing seem ntawm cov roj zoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag lossis tshaj nws cov ntsiab lus huab, kom cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem ua rau cov emulsification tawg ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom siv quav ciab. , thiab ob lub wax-clearing agents tau sib cais, uas ib txhij ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm wax-clearing.

3. Surfactantssiv kom ruaj khov av nplaum

Stabilizing av nplaum tau muab faib ua ob yam: tiv thaiv kev nthuav dav ntawm cov av nplaum ntxhia thiab tiv thaiv kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm cov av nplaum ntxhia.Cationic surfactants xws li amine ntsev hom, quaternary ammonium ntsev hom, pyridinium ntsev hom, thiab imidazoline ntsev yuav siv tau los tiv thaiv av nplaum o.Fluorine-muaj nonionic-cationic surfactants muaj los tiv thaiv cov av nplaum ntxhia hauv kev tsiv teb tsaws.

4. Surfactantssiv rau hauv kev ntsuas acidification

Txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyhuv acidification, ntau yam tshuaj ntxiv yog feem ntau ntxiv rau cov kua qaub.Txhua tus surfactant uas sib haum nrog cov kua qaub thiab yooj yim adsorbed los ntawm kev tsim tuaj yeem siv los ua acidification retardant.Xws li fatty amine hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium ntsev, pyridine ntsev nyob rau hauv cationic surfactants thiab sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate ester salted los yog sulfate ester salted polyoxyethylene alkanes nyob rau hauv amphoteric surfactants puag phenol ether, thiab lwm yam. Qee cov surfactants, xws li ntsev sulfonic acid thiab dodecylk. , tuaj yeem emulsify kua qaub hauv cov roj los tsim cov kua qaub-hauv-roj emulsion.Cov emulsion no tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kua qaub ua kua thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tsis zoo.

Qee cov surfactants tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv emulsifiers rau cov kua qaub acidifying.Surfactants nrog cov ceg ntoo xws li polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether thiab polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaethylene hexaamine tuaj yeem siv los ua acidifying anti-emulsifiers.

Qee cov surfactants tuaj yeem siv los ua cov dej tsis muaj kua qaub.Surfactants uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kua dej muaj xws li amine ntsev hom, quaternary ammonium ntsev hom, pyridinium ntsev hom, nonionic, amphoteric thiab fluorine-muaj surfactants.

Qee cov surfactants tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj acidifying los tiv thaiv sludge, xws li roj-soluble surfactants, xws li alkylphenols, fatty acids, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, quaternary ammonium ntsev, thiab lwm yam. hauv cov kua qaub.

Txhawm rau txhim kho cov nyhuv acidification, tus neeg sawv cev ntub dej rov qab yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov kua qaub kom thim rov qab qhov ntub dej ntawm thaj chaw ze-wellbore los ntawm lipophilic mus rau hydrophilic.Kev sib xyaw ntawm polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl cawv ethers thiab phosphate-salted polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl cawv ethers yog adsorbed los ntawm kev tsim los tsim cov txheej thib peb adsorption, uas plays lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ntub dej thiab thim rov qab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qee cov surfactants, xws li fatty amine hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium ntsev los yog nonionic-anionic surfactant, uas yog siv los ua foaming agents ua npuas dej kua qaub ua hauj lwm kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm qeeb corrosion thiab sib sib zog nqus acidification, los yog ua npuas ncauj. los ntawm qhov no thiab siv ua kua ua ntej rau acidification.Tom qab lawv tau txhaj rau hauv qhov tsim, cov kua qaub yog txhaj.Cov nyhuv Jamin ua los ntawm cov npuas hauv cov npuas dej tuaj yeem hloov cov kua qaub, yuam cov kua qaub rau feem ntau yaj cov txheej permeability tsawg, yog li txhim kho cov nyhuv acidification.

5. Surfactants siv nyob rau hauv fracturing ntsuas

Fracturing ntsuas feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv low-permeability roj teb.Lawv siv lub siab los qhib qhov tsim los tsim cov pob txha, thiab siv cov khoom siv los txhawb cov pob txha kom txo tau cov kua dej tsis haum thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev saib xyuas.Qee cov kua fracturing yog tsim nrog surfactants ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw.

Roj-hauv-dej fracturing kua yog tsim nrog dej, roj thiab emulsifiers.Emulsifiers siv yog ionic, nonionic thiab amphoteric surfactants.Yog tias cov dej tuab yog siv los ua cov theem sab nraud thiab cov roj siv los ua cov theem sab hauv, cov kua roj hauv cov dej ua kua (polymer emulsion) tuaj yeem npaj tau.Cov kua fracturing no tuaj yeem siv tau ntawm qhov kub qis dua 160 ° C thiab tuaj yeem txiav cov emulsions thiab cov kua dej ntws tawm.

Foam fracturing fluid yog cov kua fracturing uas siv cov dej ua qhov nruab nrab dispersion thiab roj raws li cov theem dispersed.Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog dej, roj thiab foaming tus neeg sawv cev.Alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfate ester ntsev, quaternary ammonium ntsev thiab OP surfactants tuaj yeem siv los ua cov neeg ua npuas ncauj.Qhov concentration ntawm foaming tus neeg saib xyuas hauv dej yog feem ntau 0.5-2%, thiab qhov piv ntawm cov roj theem ntim rau npuas ntim yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 0.5-0.9.

Roj-raws li fracturing kua yog ib tug fracturing kua formulated nrog roj raws li hnyav los yog dispersion nruab nrab.Cov roj feem ntau siv rau ntawm qhov chaw yog cov roj crude lossis nws cov feem hnyav.Txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov viscosity thiab qhov kub thiab txias, cov roj-soluble petroleum sulfonate (molecular hnyav 300-750) yuav tsum tau ntxiv.Roj-based fracturing kua kuj muaj xws li dej-hauv-roj fracturing kua thiab roj ua npuas ncauj fracturing kua.Cov emulsifiers siv yav dhau los yog cov roj-soluble anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants thiab nonionic surfactants, thaum cov npuas stabilizers siv nyob rau hauv lub tom kawg yog fluorine-muaj polymer surfactants.

Cov dej-sensitive tsim fracturing kua siv ib tug sib tov ntawm cawv (xws li ethylene glycol) thiab roj (xws li kerosene) raws li lub dispersion nruab nrab, kua carbon dioxide raws li lub dispersed theem, thiab sulfate-salted polyoxyethylene alkyl cawv ether li emulsifier.Los yog emulsion los yog ua npuas ncauj formulated nrog foaming tus neeg saib xyuas kom tawg dej-sensitive formations.

Cov kua fracturing siv rau fracturing thiab acidification yog ob qho tib si fracturing kua thiab acidifying kua.Nws yog siv hauv kev tsim cov carbonate, thiab ob qho kev ntsuas tau ua tiav ib txhij.Muaj feem xyuam rau surfactants yog cov kua qaub ua npuas ncauj thiab cov kua qaub emulsion.Cov qub siv alkyl sulfonate los yog alkyl benzene sulfonate ua tus neeg sawv cev foaming, thiab tom kawg siv sulfonate surfactant ua emulsifier.Zoo li acidifying kua, fracturing fluids kuj siv surfactants los tiv thaiv emulsifiers, dej pab thiab wetting reversal agents, uas yuav tsis tau tham ntawm no.

6. Siv cov tshuaj surfactants rau kev tswj cov profile thiab cov dej thaiv kev ntsuas

Txhawm rau txhim kho cov dej txhaj tshuaj txhim kho thiab txo qis qhov nce ntawm cov roj av cov ntsiab lus, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kho cov dej nqus profile ntawm cov dej txhaj tshuaj thiab ua kom cov khoom tsim tau los ntawm kev thaiv cov dej hauv cov qhov dej ntau lawm.Qee qhov kev tswj hwm profile thiab dej thaiv cov txheej txheem feem ntau siv qee cov surfactants.

HPC / SDS gel profile tswj tus neeg sawv cev yog tsim los ntawm hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) thiab sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) hauv dej tshiab.

Sodium alkyl sulfonate thiab alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride yog feem ntau yaj hauv dej los npaj ob qho dej ua haujlwm, uas tau txhaj rau hauv kev tsim ib qho tom qab.Ob qho dej ua haujlwm sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg hauv kev tsim los tsim cov alkyl trimethylamine.Cov sulfite precipitates thiab thaiv cov txheej permeability siab.

Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, alkyl aryl sulfonates, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem siv los ua cov neeg ua npuas dej, yaj hauv dej los npaj cov kua dej ua haujlwm, thiab tom qab ntawd txhaj rau hauv kev tsim ua ke nrog cov kua roj carbon dioxide ua haujlwm, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim (feem ntau yog siab permeable. txheej) cov ntaub ntawv ua npuas ncauj, ua rau txhaws, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tswj xyuas qhov profile.

Siv lub quaternary ammonium surfactant raws li ib tug foaming tus neeg sawv cev yaj nyob rau hauv ib tug silicic acid sol muaj li ntawm ammonium sulfate thiab dej iav thiab txhaj rau hauv lub tsim, thiab ces txhaj tshuaj tsis-condensable gas (natural gas los yog chlorine), ib tug kua-raws li daim ntawv yuav generated. hauv kev tsim ua ntej.Cov npuas dej hauv dispersion interlayer, ua raws li cov gelation ntawm silicic acid sol, ua npuas ncauj nrog cov khoom raws li qhov nruab nrab dispersion, uas plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm plugging lub siab permeability txheej thiab tswj cov profile.

Siv sulfonate surfactants ua foaming agents thiab polymer compounds li thickening foam stabilizers, thiab tom qab ntawd txhaj cov pa roj los yog cov khoom tsim hluav taws xob, cov dej ua npuas dej yog tsim rau hauv av lossis hauv kev tsim.Qhov no ua npuas ncauj yog nto-active nyob rau hauv cov roj txheej.Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tus neeg sawv cev txav mus rau cov roj-dej interface, ua npuas ncauj kev puas tsuaj, yog li nws tsis thaiv cov roj txheej.Nws yog ib qho kev xaiv thiab roj zoo dej thaiv tus neeg sawv cev.

Roj-raws li cement dej-thaiv tus neeg sawv cev yog kev ncua ntawm cov cement hauv cov roj.Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov cement yog hydrophilic.Thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv cov dej tsim cov txheej txheem, dej tshem tawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov roj zoo thiab cov cement ntawm cov cement, ua rau cov cement kom khov thiab thaiv cov dej tsim cov txheej txheem.Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov fluidity ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntsaws no, carboxylate thiab sulfonate surfactants feem ntau yog ntxiv.

Dej-raws li micellar kua-soluble water-blocking tus neeg sawv cev yog ib tug micellar tov tsuas yog tsim los ntawm roj av ammonium sulfonate, hydrocarbons thiab cawv.Nws muaj cov dej ntsev siab hauv qhov tsim thiab ua kom khov kom ua tiav cov dej thaiv cov nyhuv..

Dej-raws li los yog roj-raws li cationic surfactant tov dej-thaiv tus neeg saib xyuas yog raws li alkyl carboxylate thiab alkyl ammonium chloride ntsev active agents thiab tsuas yog haum rau sandstone formations.

Active heavy oil water-blocking agent yog ib hom roj hnyav yaj nrog dej-hauv-roj emulsifier.Nws tsim cov dej khov-hauv-roj emulsion tom qab tsim tau dewatered kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev thaiv dej.

Roj-hauv-dej dej-thaiv tus neeg sawv cev yog npaj los ntawm emulsifying hnyav roj hauv dej siv cov cationic surfactant ua cov roj-hauv-dej emulsifier.

7. Siv cov surfactants rau kev tswj cov xuab zeb

Ua ntej kev tswj xyuas cov xuab zeb, qee qhov nyiaj ntawm cov dej qhib tau npaj nrog cov surfactants yuav tsum tau txhaj ua cov kua dej ua ntej kom huv si ua ntej tsim los txhim kho cov xuab zeb tswj cov nyhuv.Tam sim no, feem ntau siv surfactants yog anionic surfactants.

8. Surfactant rau crude roj lub cev qhuav dej

Hauv cov theem pib thiab theem nrab cov roj rov qab, cov dej-hauv-roj demulsifiers feem ntau yog siv rau cov roj uas tau muab rho tawm.Peb tiam ntawm cov khoom tau tsim.Thawj tiam yog carboxylate, sulfate thiab sulfonate.Cov tiam thib ob yog cov tsis muaj molecular nonionic surfactants xws li OP, Pingpingjia thiab sulfonated castor roj.Peb tiam yog polymer nonionic surfactant.

Hauv cov theem tom qab ntawm cov roj rov qab thiab cov roj tertiary rov qab, cov roj tsim tawm feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov roj-hauv-dej emulsion.Muaj plaub hom demulsifiers siv, xws li tetradecyltrimethyloxyammonium chloride thiab Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.Lawv tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog anionic emulsifiers los hloov lawv cov roj hydrophilic tshuav nqi, los yog Adsorbed rau ntawm cov dej-ntub av nplaum hais, hloov lawv cov wettability thiab rhuav tshem cov roj-hauv-dej emulsions.Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov anionic surfactants thiab roj-soluble nonionic surfactants uas tuaj yeem siv ua dej-hauv-roj emulsifiers kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua demulsifiers rau roj-hauv-dej emulsions.

1. Surfactants rau kev kho dej

Tom qab cov roj av tsim cov kua dej sib cais los ntawm cov roj crude, cov dej uas tsim tawm yuav tsum tau kho kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj.Muaj rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho dej, xws li kev tiv thaiv corrosion, tiv thaiv nplai, kom tsis muaj menyuam, tshem tawm cov pa oxygen, tshem tawm roj thiab tshem tawm cov teeb meem tshem tawm.Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov kab mob bactericides, oxygen scavengers, degreasers thiab flocculants, thiab lwm yam.

Muaj surfactants siv los ua corrosion inhibitors suav nrog ntsev ntawm alkyl sulfonic acid, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid, linear alkyl amine ntsev, quaternary ammonium ntsev, thiab alkyl pyridine ntsev., ntsev ntawm imidazoline thiab nws cov derivatives, polyoxyethylene alkyl cawv ethers, polyoxyethylene dialkyl propargyl cawv, polyoxyethylene rosin amine, polyoxyethylene stearylamine thiab polyoxyethylene alkyl cawv ethers, Alkyl sulfonate, ntau yam quaternary ammonium poov xab ntsev hauv cov ntsev,

Surfactants siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj xws li phosphate ester ntsev, sulfate ester ntsev, acetates, carboxylates thiab lawv cov tshuaj polyoxyethylene.Lub thermal stability ntawm sulfonate ester ntsev thiab carboxylate ntsev yog qhov zoo dua li ntawm phosphate ester ntsev thiab sulfate ester ntsev.

Muaj surfactants siv nyob rau hauv fungicides xws li linear alkylamine ntsev, quaternary ammonium ntsev, alkylpyridinium ntsev, ntsev ntawm imidazoline thiab nws cov derivatives, ntau yam quaternary ammonium ntsev, di (polyoxy) Vinyl) alkyl thiab sab hauv ntsev ntawm nws cov derivatives.

Muaj surfactants siv nyob rau hauv degreasers yog mas surfactants nrog branched lug thiab sodium dithiocarboxylate pawg.

10. Surfactant rau chemical roj dej nyab

Cov roj tseem ceeb thiab theem nrab rov qab tuaj yeem rov qab tau 25% -50% ntawm cov roj av hauv av, tab sis tseem muaj ntau cov roj crude uas tseem nyob hauv av thiab tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau.Kev ua cov roj tertiary rov qab tuaj yeem txhim kho cov roj av rov qab.Tertiary cov roj rov qab feem ntau yog siv cov tshuaj nyab xeeb, uas yog, ntxiv qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov dej txhaj tshuaj los txhim kho cov dej nyab.Ntawm cov tshuaj siv, ib txhia yog industrial surfactants.Cov lus qhia luv luv rau lawv yog raws li hauv qab no:

Cov tshuaj lom neeg dej nyab txoj kev siv surfactant ua tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb hu ua surfactant dej nyab.Surfactants feem ntau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txhim kho cov roj rov qab los ntawm kev txo cov roj-dej interfacial nro thiab nce cov capillaries.Txij li qhov saum npoo ntawm cov xuab zeb tsim tsis zoo, cov surfactants siv feem ntau yog anionic surfactants, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv yog sulfonate surfactants.Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev siv tus neeg sawv cev sulfonating (xws li sulfur trioxide) rau sulfonate petroleum fractions nrog cov ntsiab lus siab hydrocarbon, thiab tom qab ntawd ua rau lawv nrog alkali.Nws specifications: active tshuaj 50% -80%, ntxhia roj 5% -30%, dej 2% -20%, sodium sulfate 1% -6%.Petroleum sulfonate tsis tiv taus qhov kub, ntsev, lossis cov hlau ions uas muaj nqi siab.Synthetic sulfonates yog npaj los ntawm cov khoom siv hydrocarbons siv cov txheej txheem hluavtaws sib xws.Ntawm lawv, α-olefin sulfonate tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv taus ntsev thiab cov hlau ions siab heev.Lwm cov anionic-nonionic surfactants thiab carboxylate surfactants kuj tseem siv tau rau kev hloov roj.Surfactant oil displacement yuav tsum muaj ob hom additives: ib qho yog co-surfactant, xws li isobutanol, diethylene glycol butyl ether, urea, sulfolane, alkenylene benzene sulfonate, thiab lwm yam, thiab lwm yam yog dielectric, nrog rau cov kua qaub thiab alkali ntsev, feem ntau yog ntsev, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov hydrophilicity ntawm cov surfactant thiab kuj nce lipophilicity, thiab kuj hloov pauv qhov sib npaug ntawm hydrophilic-lipophilic tus nqi ntawm tus neeg sawv cev.Txhawm rau txo qhov poob ntawm surfactant thiab txhim kho kev lag luam, cov dej nyab surfactant kuj siv cov tshuaj hu ua sacrificial agents.Cov khoom uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov neeg tua tsiaj muaj xws li cov tshuaj alkaline thiab polycarboxylic acids thiab lawv cov ntsev.Oligomers thiab polymers kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov neeg ua kev txi.Lignosulfonates thiab lawv cov kev hloov kho yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Txoj kev hloov cov roj siv ob lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj lom neeg hloov chaw tseem ceeb yog hu ua dej nyab sib xyaw.Txoj kev hloov roj no cuam tshuam nrog cov surfactants suav nrog: surfactant thiab polymer thickened surfactant dej nyab;Alkali-enhanced surfactant dej nyab nrog alkali + surfactant lossis surfactant-enhanced alkali dej nyab;Cov khoom siv dej nyab nrog alkali + surfactant + polymer.Composite dej nyab feem ntau muaj ntau dua qhov rov qab zoo dua li ib qho kev tsav tsheb.Raws li kev txheeb xyuas tam sim no ntawm kev txhim kho hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, ternary compound dej nyab muaj qhov zoo dua li binary compound dej nyab.Cov surfactants siv nyob rau hauv ternary composite dej nyab yog tsuas yog roj av sulfonates, feem ntau kuj siv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid thiab carboxylates ntawm polyoxyethylene alkyl cawv ethers, thiab polyoxyethylene alkyl cawv alkyl sulfonate sodium ntsev.thiab lwm yam los txhim kho nws cov ntsev kam rau ua.Tsis ntev los no, ob qho tib si hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau txuas nrog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv biosurfactants, xws li rhamnolipid, sophorolipid fermentation broth, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau ntuj sib xyaw carboxylates thiab papermaking by-product alkali lignin, thiab lwm yam, thiab tau ua tiav. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sim teb thiab sab hauv tsev.Zoo roj tshem tawm nyhuv.